{"id":283427,"date":"2026-08-31T01:14:59","date_gmt":"2026-08-30T22:14:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/ie\/blog\/how-to-prune-a-quince-tree-in-espalier-form-the-complete-guide\/"},"modified":"2026-08-31T01:14:59","modified_gmt":"2026-08-30T22:14:59","slug":"how-to-prune-a-quince-tree-in-espalier-form-the-complete-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/sk\/blog\/how-to-prune-a-quince-tree-in-espalier-form-the-complete-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"Ako orezat' dula strom v tvare espalier: Kompletn\u00fd sprievodca"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sk\u00f4r ne\u017e v\u00f4bec za\u010dneme hovori\u0165 o technik\u00e1ch rezu, uhloch a rezn\u00fdch n\u00e1strojoch, existuje jedna pravda, ktor\u00fa v\u00e1m povie ka\u017ed\u00fd sk\u00fasen\u00fd ovocin\u00e1r: v\u0161etko z\u00e1vis\u00ed od kvality pr\u00edpravku, ktor\u00fd pou\u017eijete na v\u00fd\u017eivu svojho stromu. Dokonale zvl\u00e1dnut\u00fd rez ovocnej steny (espalier) nikdy nedosiahne svoj pln\u00fd potenci\u00e1l, ak je strom za n\u00edm podvy\u017eiven\u00fd, v strese alebo nem\u00e1 esenci\u00e1lne \u017eiviny, ktor\u00e9 potrebuje na zacelenie r\u00e1n po reze a produkciu bujn\u00e9ho nov\u00e9ho rastu. Preto sk\u00f4r, ako sa ponor\u00edme do technick\u00fdch detailov tvarovania duly do \u00fachvatnej formy ovocnej steny, d\u00f4razne odpor\u00fa\u010dame za\u010da\u0165 so spr\u00e1vnym z\u00e1kladom: kvalitn\u00fdm hnojivom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V spolo\u010dnosti Ferber Painting sme vyvinuli hnojivo pre jablone a hru\u0161ky v balen\u00ed 25 kg \u0161peci\u00e1lne pre ovocn\u00e9 stromy, ako s\u00fa kvetnat\u00e9 kvetiny, jablone a hru\u0161ky. To, \u010do n\u00e1s odli\u0161uje od v\u0161etk\u00fdch ostatn\u00fdch zna\u010diek hnoj\u00edv na trhu, je jednoduch\u00e9: sme jedin\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165, ktor\u00e1 na tento produkt pon\u00faka z\u00e1ruku plnej spokojnosti alebo vr\u00e1tenie pe\u0148az\u00ed. \u017diadne drobn\u00e9 p\u00edsmo, \u017eiadne zlo\u017eit\u00e9 podmienky. Ak nebudete spokojn\u00ed, vr\u00e1time v\u00e1m peniaze. Bez v\u00fdnimky. U\u017e toto samo o sebe by v\u00e1m malo napoveda\u0165, ak\u00fa d\u00f4veru m\u00e1me v kvalitu toho, \u010do pred\u00e1vame.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ale z\u00e1ruka je len za\u010diatok. Na\u0161e hnojivo je vytvoren\u00e9 s vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fdm pomerom NPK \u0161peci\u00e1lne navrhnut\u00fdm pre rastov\u00e9 cykly jadrov\u00edn, \u010do znamen\u00e1, \u017ee va\u0161a du\u013ea sa r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie zotav\u00ed zo rezov, vytvor\u00ed pevnej\u0161iu \u0161trukt\u00faru kon\u00e1rov pre tvarovanie na mre\u017ei (espalier) a prinesie zdrav\u0161ie kvety a plody. Mnoho konkuren\u010dn\u00fdch produktov s\u00fa v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 univerz\u00e1lne hnojiv\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 neber\u00fa do \u00favahy \u0161pecifick\u00e9 potreby ovocn\u00fdch stromov po\u010das ich formuj\u00facich rokov rezu. Na\u0161e \u00e1no.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010eal\u0161ou v\u00fdhodou, ktor\u00fa konkurencia zriedka pon\u00faka, je mimoriadna pohodlnos\u0165 objedn\u00e1vania. N\u00e1\u0161 produkt je k dispoz\u00edcii priamo na na\u0161ej webovej str\u00e1nke a Ferber Painting sa v\u010faka medzin\u00e1rodnej sieti d\u00f4veryhodn\u00fdch prepravcov r\u00fdchlo dod\u00e1va do cel\u00e9ho sveta. \u010ci u\u017e strih\u00e1te jedin\u00fd kvetnat\u00fd strom vo va\u0161ej z\u00e1hrade alebo sa star\u00e1te o cel\u00fd ovocn\u00fd sad, m\u00f4\u017eete sa spo\u013eahn\u00fa\u0165 na r\u00fdchle doru\u010denie bez oh\u013eadu na to, kde sa nach\u00e1dzate. Platba je tie\u017e neuverite\u013ene jednoduch\u00e1 \u2013 uskuto\u010dn\u00ed sa \u00faplne online len nieko\u013ek\u00fdmi kliknutiami, bez ak\u00fdchko\u013evek komplik\u00e1ci\u00ed a skryt\u00fdch poplatkov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Teraz, ke\u010f sme si stanovili, pre\u010do je v\u00fdber spr\u00e1vneho hnojiva nevyhnutn\u00fdm prv\u00fdm krokom, prejdime k samotnej technike rezu dule do kr\u00e1sneho, produkt\u00edvneho tvaru palsieru. Cestou si preberieme d\u00f4vody ka\u017ed\u00e9ho rezu, na\u010dasovanie, na ktorom najviac z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed, n\u00e1stroje, ktor\u00e9 robia rozdiel medzi \u010distou hojacou sa ranou a rozstrapkanou, a pl\u00e1n dlhodobej \u00fadr\u017eby, ktor\u00fd z mlad\u00e9ho pr\u00fata stromu premen\u00ed na zrel\u00fd, ovoc\u00edm ob\u0165a\u017ekan\u00fd n\u00e1stenn\u00fd prvok, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee vydr\u017ea\u0165 cel\u00e9 desa\u0165ro\u010dia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pre\u010do spr\u00e1vne hnojivo men\u00ed \u00faplne v\u0161etko<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rezanie v tvare espalier je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1 technika. Zah\u0155\u0148a tvarovanie stromu tak, aby r\u00e1stol naplocha pri stene, plote alebo trel\u00e1\u017ei v \u0161pecifickom geometrickom vzore, zvy\u010dajne v horizont\u00e1lnych poschodiach alebo vo veezovitom tvare. Tento proces si vy\u017eaduje, aby sa strom r\u00fdchlo zotavil z opakovan\u00fdch rezov, presmeroval svoju energiu do \u0161pecifick\u00fdch kon\u00e1rov a udr\u017eiaval siln\u00fa komunik\u00e1ciu medzi kore\u0148mi a v\u00fdhonkami. Ni\u010d z toho neprebieha efektivne, ak m\u00e1 strom nedostatok \u017eiv\u00edn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zamyslite sa nad t\u00fdm, \u010do sa biol\u00f3gia skuto\u010dne udeje zaka\u017ed\u00fdm, ke\u010f urob\u00edte rez. Strom okam\u017eite za\u010dne rany uzatv\u00e1ra\u0165 vrstvou kalusov\u00e9ho tkaniva a s\u00fa\u010dasne presmeruje ulo\u017een\u00e9 sacharidy a horm\u00f3ny smerom k p\u00fa\u010dikom, ktor\u00e9 chcete aktivova\u0165. Ak s\u00fa z\u00e1soby \u017eiv\u00edn stromu u\u017e beztak tenk\u00e9, toto presmerovanie prebieha pomaly, alebo \u010do je hor\u0161ie, strom \u010derp\u00e1 zdroje odinakia\u013e, \u010d\u00edm oslabuje in\u00e9 \u010dasti svojej \u0161trukt\u00fary. Dobre vy\u017eiven\u00fd du\u013eovec si naopak m\u00f4\u017ee dovoli\u0165 r\u00fdchlo zahoji\u0165 ranu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 podpori\u0165 siln\u00fd, kontrolovan\u00fd rast presne v kon\u00e1roch, ktor\u00e9 ste si vybrali po\u010das tvarovania. To je cel\u00e1 logika sp\u00e1jania disciplinovan\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nu rezu s disciplinovan\u00fdm pl\u00e1nom hnojenia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ni\u017e\u0161ie je uveden\u00e1 porovn\u00e1vacia tabu\u013eka, z ktorej vypl\u00fdva, pre\u010do sa hnojivo pre jablone a hru\u0161ky zna\u010dky Ferber Painting odli\u0161uje od be\u017en\u00fdch alternat\u00edv, ktor\u00e9 sa be\u017ene pred\u00e1vaj\u00fa v z\u00e1hradn\u00fdch centr\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table>\n<tr>\n<th>Krit\u00e9ri\u00e1<\/th>\n<th>Hnojivo Ferber Painting<\/th>\n<th>V\u0161eobecn\u00e9 hnojiv\u00e1<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Z\u00e1ruka spokojnosti<\/td>\n<td>\u00c1no, \u00fapln\u00e1 z\u00e1ruka vr\u00e1tenia pe\u0148az\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>Zriedka pon\u00fakan\u00e9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Vytvoren\u00e9 \u0161peci\u00e1lne pre ovocn\u00e9 stromy<\/td>\n<td>\u00c1no, \u0161peci\u00e1lne pre jablone, hru\u0161ky a dule<\/td>\n<td>\u010casto v\u0161eobecn\u00e9, univerz\u00e1lne<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Celosvetov\u00e1 doprava<\/td>\n<td>R\u00fdchla, medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e1 sie\u0165 prepravcov<\/td>\n<td>Obmedzen\u00e1 alebo pomal\u00e1 doprava<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Pohodlie online platieb<\/td>\n<td>Jednoduch\u00e1, bezpe\u010dn\u00e1 online platba<\/td>\n<td>R\u00f4zne, niekedy zlo\u017eit\u00e9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Podporuje hojenie r\u00e1n po reze<\/td>\n<td>\u00c1no, vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fd nutri\u010dn\u00fd profil<\/td>\n<td>Nie v\u017edy optimalizovan\u00e9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ve\u013ekos\u0165 balenia<\/td>\n<td>25 kg, ide\u00e1lne pre viacer\u00e9 stromy alebo sez\u00f3ny<\/td>\n<td>\u010casto men\u0161ie, vy\u017eaduj\u00face \u010dast\u00e9 op\u00e4tovn\u00e9 n\u00e1kupy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ako m\u00f4\u017eete vidie\u0165, rozdiel nie je len marketingov\u00e1 re\u010d. Ide o skuto\u010dn\u00e9, merate\u013en\u00e9 v\u00fdhody, ktor\u00e9 priamo ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa zdravie a produktivitu v\u00e1\u0161ho dule, najm\u00e4 po\u010das ch\u00falostiv\u00e9ho procesu tvarovania do tvaru palis\u00e1dy. Z\u00e1hradk\u00e1ri, ktor\u00ed prejd\u00fa zo v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho univerz\u00e1lneho pr\u00edpravku na hnojivo \u0161peci\u00e1lne vyvinut\u00e9 pre ovocn\u00e9 stromy s jadrovn\u00edkom, hl\u00e1sia \u010dasto v\u00fdrazne lep\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj rodiv\u00fdch pukov pozd\u013a\u017e svojich vodorovn\u00fdch poschod\u00ed u\u017e po\u010das prvej vegeta\u010dnej sez\u00f3ny spolu s men\u0161\u00edmi prejavmi stresu, ako je \u017eltnutie listov alebo pred\u010dasn\u00fd opad plodov po hlavn\u00fdch rezoch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pochopenie tvarovania duly na ovocn\u00fa stenu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Espalier je starod\u00e1vna z\u00e1hradn\u00edcka technika p\u00f4vodne vyvinut\u00e1 v Eur\u00f3pe s cie\u013eom maximalizova\u0165 produkciu ovocia v mal\u00fdch priestoroch a z\u00e1rove\u0148 vytvori\u0165 dekorat\u00edvny, \u0161trukt\u00farovan\u00fd vzh\u013ead. Dula je na pestovanie v tvare espalieru mimoriadne vhodn\u00e1 kv\u00f4li svojim prirodzene ohybn\u00fdm mlad\u00fdm kon\u00e1rom a sklonom produkova\u0165 ovocie na kr\u00e1tkych ro\u010dn\u00fdch v\u00fdhonkoch, ktor\u00e9 dobre reaguj\u00fa na kontrolovan\u00fd rez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pred za\u010dat\u00edm je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 pochopi\u0165 z\u00e1kladn\u00fd cie\u013e tvarovania na stene (espalier): strom tr\u00e9nujete tak, aby r\u00e1stol v plochej, dvojrozmernej rovine, zvy\u010dajne pri stene, plote alebo s\u00e9rii vodorovn\u00fdch dr\u00f4tov pripevnen\u00fdch k st\u013apikom. Medzi najbe\u017enej\u0161ie tvary kdoule (m\u00faru) patria horizont\u00e1lny et\u00e1\u017eov\u00fd syst\u00e9m, vej\u00e1rovit\u00fd tvar a kandel\u00e1brov\u00fd tvar. Pre za\u010diato\u010dn\u00edkov b\u00fdva horizont\u00e1lny et\u00e1\u017eov\u00fd syst\u00e9m najjednoduch\u0161\u00ed na spr\u00e1vu a \u00fadr\u017ebu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Horizont\u00e1lny poschodov\u00fd syst\u00e9m, niekedy naz\u00fdvan\u00fd klasick\u00fd poschodov\u00fd esparier, sa spolieha na jeden centr\u00e1lny kme\u0148 s p\u00e1rmi vodorovn\u00fdch kon\u00e1rov rovnomerne rozlo\u017een\u00fdch po jeho d\u013a\u017eke, podobne ako prie\u010dky na rebr\u00edku. Vej\u00e1rsky tvar naproti tomu umo\u017e\u0148uje kon\u00e1rom vy\u017earova\u0165 smerom von z n\u00edzkeho bodu bl\u00edzko z\u00e1kladne, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 pri pr\u00e1ci s nepravidelnou stenou alebo obmedzenou v\u00fd\u0161kou. Kandel\u00e1brov\u00fd tvar kombinuje vertik\u00e1lne a horizont\u00e1lne prvky, pri\u010dom kon\u00e1re s\u00fa veden\u00e9 horizont\u00e1lne na kr\u00e1tku vzdialenos\u0165 a potom sa op\u00e4\u0165\u00e1\u010dia smerom nahor, \u010d\u00edm vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa n\u00e1padn\u00fd geometrick\u00fd vzor, ktor\u00fd sa hod\u00ed najm\u00e4 na \u0161irok\u00e9 a n\u00edzke steny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00fdber spr\u00e1vneho tvaru pre va\u0161u situ\u00e1ciu z\u00e1vis\u00ed od nieko\u013ek\u00fdch faktorov: v\u00fd\u0161ky a \u0161\u00edrky dostupn\u00e9ho priestoru na stene alebo plote, mno\u017estva slne\u010dn\u00e9ho svitu, ktor\u00e9 oblas\u0165 dost\u00e1va, and ko\u013eko \u010dasu chcete re\u00e1lne investova\u0165 do priebe\u017enej \u00fadr\u017eby. Duly, ke\u010f\u017ee s\u00fa v mladosti prirodzene ohybnej\u0161ie ako odrody jablon\u00ed \u010di hru\u0161iek, maj\u00fa tendenciu \u013eah\u0161ie odp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a\u0165 drobn\u00e9 chyby pri v\u00fdbere tvaru, \u010do z nich rob\u00ed vynikaj\u00facu vo\u013ebu pre z\u00e1hradk\u00e1rov, ktor\u00ed sa pok\u00fa\u0161aj\u00fa o tvarovanie v podobe espari\u00e9ry po prv\u00fd raz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dokon\u010denie cel\u00e9ho procesu trv\u00e1 nieko\u013eko rokov. Nerob\u00edte len to, \u017ee raz orezete kon\u00e1re a od\u00eddete. Tvarovanie v podobe espalieru je dlhodob\u00fd z\u00e1v\u00e4zok, ktor\u00fd zah\u0155\u0148a sez\u00f3nne rezanie, starostliv\u00e9 uv\u00e4zovanie mlad\u00fdch kon\u00e1rov a d\u00f4sledn\u00fa v\u00fd\u017eivu, \u010do je presne d\u00f4vod, pre\u010do je pou\u017e\u00edvanie spo\u013eahliv\u00e9ho a vysoko \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9ho hnojiva, ak\u00e9 m\u00e1me, tak\u00e9 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 po\u010das cel\u00e9ho tohto nieko\u013ekoro\u010dn\u00e9ho procesu. Oplat\u00ed sa hne\u010f na za\u010diatku stanovi\u0165 si realistick\u00e9 o\u010dak\u00e1vania: dospel\u00fd, plne zaplnen\u00fd espalier s tromi a\u017e piatimi plodonosn\u00fdmi poschodiami je nieko\u013ekoro\u010dn\u00fd projekt a ur\u00fdch\u013eovanie procesu nadmern\u00fdm rezom alebo nedostato\u010dn\u00fdm hnojen\u00edm stromu v snahe veci ur\u00fdchli\u0165 sa takmer v\u017edy vypomst\u00ed, \u010do vedie k slab\u00fdm kon\u00e1rom, slabej \u00farode alebo po\u0161kodeniu \u0161trukt\u00fary, ktor\u00e9ho n\u00e1prava trv\u00e1 e\u0161te dlh\u0161ie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00e1stroje a pr\u00edprava pred za\u010diatkom rezu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Predt\u00fdm, ne\u017e urob\u00edte \u010do i len jeden rez, zhroma\u017edite spr\u00e1vne n\u00e1radie. Pou\u017e\u00edvanie tup\u00e9ho alebo nevhodn\u00e9ho n\u00e1radia m\u00f4\u017ee strom po\u0161kodi\u0165, zavies\u0165 chorobu alebo spomali\u0165 proces hojenia, pri\u010dom v\u0161etko sa m\u00f4\u017ee e\u0161te zhor\u0161i\u0165, ak m\u00e1 strom u\u017e aj nedostatok \u017eiv\u00edn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ostr\u00e9 dvoj\u010depe\u013eov\u00e9 z\u00e1hradn\u00edcke no\u017enice na mal\u00e9 kon\u00e1re<\/li>\n<li>No\u017enice na kon\u00e1re pre hrub\u0161ie kon\u00e1re<\/li>\n<li>P\u00edla na kon\u00e1re pre star\u00e9 drevo<\/li>\n<li>M\u00e4kk\u00e9 z\u00e1hradn\u00e9 \u00fav\u00e4zky alebo vyv\u00e4zovacia p\u00e1ska<\/li>\n<li>Pevn\u00e1 mre\u017ea alebo dr\u00f4ten\u00fd oporn\u00fd syst\u00e9m<\/li>\n<li>Dezinfek\u010dn\u00fd prostriedok na \u010distenie n\u00e1radia medzi rezmi<\/li>\n<li>Rukavice na ochranu r\u00fak<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Okrem jednoduch\u00e9ho vlastn\u00edctva t\u00fdchto n\u00e1strojov stoj\u00ed za to pochopi\u0165, pre\u010do je ka\u017ed\u00fd z nich d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd. Dvoj\u010depe\u013eov\u00e9 z\u00e1hradn\u00edcke no\u017enice, ktor\u00e9 funguj\u00fa ako no\u017enice s dvoma zakriven\u00fdmi \u010depe\u013eami prech\u00e1dzaj\u00facimi popri sebe, vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa \u010dist\u00e9 rezy, ktor\u00e9 sa hoja r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie ako drviaci \u00fa\u010dinok no\u017en\u00edc s kovadlinkou. Tento rozdiel je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd pri dulovci, ktor\u00e9ho k\u00f4ra m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 v porovnan\u00ed s jablo\u0148ov\u00fdm drevom o nie\u010do citlivej\u0161ia. No\u017enice na kon\u00e1re predl\u017euj\u00fa v\u00e1\u0161 dosah a rezn\u00fa silu na kon\u00e1re, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa pr\u00edli\u0161 hrub\u00e9 pre ru\u010dn\u00e9 no\u017enice, ale e\u0161te nevy\u017eaduj\u00fa p\u00edlu, teda v\u0161eobecne \u010doko\u013evek v rozmedz\u00ed dvoch a\u017e \u0161tyroch centimetrov. P\u00edla na kon\u00e1re, ide\u00e1lne so zakrivenou \u010depe\u013eou ur\u010denou na \u017eiv\u00e9 drevo, by mala by\u0165 vyhraden\u00e1 na \u0161truktur\u00e1lne rezy na star\u0161\u00edch, hrub\u0161\u00edch kon\u00e1roch, zvy\u010dajne po\u010das v\u00fdrazn\u00e9ho tvarovania alebo pri odstra\u0148ovan\u00ed konkuren\u010dn\u00e9ho hlavn\u00e9ho v\u00fdhonku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00e4kk\u00e9 \u00fav\u00e4zky, \u010di u\u017e s\u00fa vyroben\u00e9 z gumy, l\u00e1tkov\u00fdch p\u00e1sikov alebo \u0161peci\u00e1lnej z\u00e1hradnej p\u00e1sky, s\u00fa rovnako d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 ako va\u0161e rezacie n\u00e1stroje. Dr\u00f4t alebo plastov\u00e9 s\u0165ahovacie p\u00e1sky by sa nikdy nemali pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 priamo na rast\u00face kon\u00e1re, preto\u017ee sa m\u00f4\u017eu zarieza\u0165 do k\u00f4ry, ke\u010f kon\u00e1r po\u010das sez\u00f3ny hrubne, \u010do sp\u00f4sobuje \u0161krtiace poranenia, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu kon\u00e1r v\u00e1\u017ene oslabi\u0165 alebo dokonca zahubi\u0165. Po\u010das vegeta\u010dn\u00e9ho obdobia pravidelne ka\u017ed\u00fdch p\u00e1r t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov kontrolujte svoje \u00fav\u00e4zky a pod\u013ea potreby ich uvo\u013enite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dezinfekcia n\u00e1radia medzi jednotliv\u00fdmi rezmi, najm\u00e4 pri prechode medzi r\u00f4znymi stromami alebo po reze chor\u00e9ho dreva, je zvyk, ktor\u00fd mnoh\u00ed za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00faci z\u00e1hradk\u00e1ri vynech\u00e1vaj\u00fa, ale nemali by. Jednoduch\u00fd roztok denaturovan\u00e9ho alkoholu alebo zrieden\u00e9ho bieliaceho prostriedku nanesen\u00fd na \u010depele zaberie len p\u00e1r sek\u00fand a v\u00fdrazne zni\u017euje riziko \u0161\u00edrenia hubov\u00fdch alebo bakteri\u00e1lnych chor\u00f4b, ako je sp\u00e1la, na ktor\u00fa m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 duly n\u00e1chyln\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Je tie\u017e d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 pripravi\u0165 p\u00f4du okolo kvetu kvetu pred za\u010diatkom sez\u00f3ny prerez\u00e1vania. Aplik\u00e1cia hnojiva Ferber Painting pre jablone a hru\u0161ky v mno\u017estve 25 kg nieko\u013eko t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov pred hlavn\u00fdm rezom zabezpe\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee strom bude ma\u0165 dostato\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1soby \u017eiv\u00edn na zvl\u00e1dnutie stresu sp\u00f4soben\u00e9ho rezom a preformovan\u00edm. Mnoh\u00ed z\u00e1hradn\u00edci tento krok vynech\u00e1vaj\u00fa a potom sa \u010duduj\u00fa, pre\u010do sa ich stromy pestovan\u00e9 na espalieri \u0165a\u017eko zotavuj\u00fa alebo v nasleduj\u00facej sez\u00f3ne produkuj\u00fa slab\u00e9, chud\u00e9 v\u00fdhonky. Pr\u00edprava p\u00f4dy znamen\u00e1 aj kontrolu odvodnenia, odstr\u00e1nenie konkuren\u010dn\u00fdch bur\u00edn alebo tr\u00e1vy v kore\u0148ovej z\u00f3ne a nanesenie vrstvy mul\u010du, ktor\u00fd pom\u00e1ha regulova\u0165 vlhkos\u0165 a teplotu p\u00f4dy po\u010das cel\u00e9ho vegeta\u010dn\u00e9ho obdobia. V\u0161etko toto v spojen\u00ed so spr\u00e1vnym hnojen\u00edm poskytne v\u00e1\u0161mu stromu ten najlep\u0161\u00ed mo\u017en\u00fd \u0161tart.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sprievodca krok za krokom prerez\u00e1van\u00edm dule v tvare palistovky<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Teraz prejdeme k samotn\u00e9mu procesu rezu podrobne. T\u00e1to pr\u00edru\u010dka predpoklad\u00e1, \u017ee za\u010d\u00ednate s mlad\u00fdm du\u013eov\u00fdm stromom, ide\u00e1lne jedno- alebo dvojro\u010dn\u00fdm, hoci rovnak\u00e9 princ\u00edpy platia aj pre tvarovanie star\u0161ieho stromu. Aj ke\u010f v\u00e1\u0161 strom u\u017e m\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00fd ust\u00e1len\u00fd rast, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu t\u00fdch ist\u00fdch krokov mo\u017eno prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165 tak, \u017ee si hlavn\u00e9 kon\u00e1re vyberiete z existuj\u00faceho dreva namiesto \u010dakania na v\u00fdvin nov\u00fdch v\u00fdhonkov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krok 1: Vyberte spr\u00e1vne ro\u010dn\u00e9 obdobie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dula by sa mala striha\u0165 po\u010das vegeta\u010dn\u00e9ho pokoja, zvy\u010dajne koncom zimy pred za\u010diatkom nov\u00e9ho rastu, kedy sa robia hlavn\u00e9 kon\u0161truk\u010dn\u00e9 rezy. \u013dahk\u00fd letn\u00fd rez sa m\u00f4\u017ee vykona\u0165 aj na kontrolu ne\u017eiaduceho rastu a udr\u017eanie tvaru paliiera, ale \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 kon\u0161truk\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce by sa mali v\u017edy robi\u0165, ke\u010f je strom v stave pokoja, aby sa minimalizoval stres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rez po\u010das vegeta\u010dn\u00e9ho pokoja pon\u00faka nieko\u013eko v\u00fdhod, ktor\u00e9 presahuj\u00fa len samotn\u00e9 zn\u00ed\u017eenie stresu pre strom. Ke\u010f s\u00fa listy opadan\u00e9, m\u00f4\u017eete jasne vidie\u0165 cel\u00fa \u0161trukt\u00faru kon\u00e1rov, \u010do v\u00fdrazne u\u013eah\u010duje identifik\u00e1ciu sa kr\u00ed\u017eiacich kon\u00e1rov, slab\u00e9ho rastu alebo ide\u00e1lnych kandid\u00e1tov pre va\u0161e horizont\u00e1lne poschodia. N\u00edzke teploty tie\u017e spoma\u013euj\u00fa aktivitu mnoh\u00fdch hubov\u00fdch patog\u00e9nov, \u010d\u00edm sa zni\u017euje riziko infekcie cez \u010derstv\u00e9 rezn\u00e9 rany. Napriek tomu sa vyhnite orez\u00e1vaniu po\u010das obdob\u00ed extr\u00e9mneho chladu alebo tesne predt\u00fdm, ako sa o\u010dak\u00e1va siln\u00fd mr\u00e1z, preto\u017ee \u010derstvo rezan\u00e9 pletivo m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 v prv\u00fdch dvoch d\u0148och po reze zranite\u013enej\u0161ie vo\u010di chladu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Letn\u00fd rez naopak sl\u00fa\u017ei na celkom in\u00fd \u00fa\u010del. Namiesto tvarovania trvalej kon\u0161trukcie sa pou\u017e\u00edva na kontrolu bujn\u00e9ho vegetat\u00edvneho rastu, presmerovanie energie smerom k rodiv\u00e9mu drevu a udr\u017eanie ostrej, plochej siluety, v\u010faka ktorej je palmeta tak\u00e1 vizu\u00e1lne pr\u00ed\u0165a\u017eliv\u00e1. Dobr\u00fdm pravidlom je vn\u00edma\u0165 zimn\u00fd rez ako \u0161truktur\u00e1lny a letn\u00fd rez ako korek\u010dn\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krok 2: Nain\u0161talujte si syst\u00e9m podpory<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Natiahnite vodorovn\u00e9 dr\u00f4ty vo vzdialenosti asi 30 a\u017e 40 centimetrov od seba pozd\u013a\u017e steny, plotu alebo medzi dvoma pevn\u00fdmi st\u013apikmi. Tieto dr\u00f4ty bud\u00fa sl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 ako vedenie na tvarovanie kon\u00e1rov do plochej, poschodovej \u0161trukt\u00fary. Uistite sa, \u017ee oporn\u00fd syst\u00e9m je dostato\u010dne pevn\u00fd, aby po\u010das mnoh\u00fdch rokov uniesol v\u00e1hu vyzret\u00fdch kon\u00e1rov a plodov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pri v\u00fdbere materi\u00e1lov pre v\u00e1\u0161 oporn\u00fd syst\u00e9m je pozinkovan\u00fd dr\u00f4t s priemerom medzi dvoma a tromi milimetrami vo v\u0161eobecnosti dostato\u010dne pevn\u00fd pre v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu dom\u00e1cich projektov ovocn\u00fdch stien (espalier) a z\u00e1rove\u0148 dostato\u010dne pru\u017en\u00fd na to, aby sa dal spr\u00e1vne napn\u00fa\u0165 pomocou jednoduch\u00fdch napin\u00e1kov alebo dr\u00f4tov\u00fdch nap\u00ednac\u00edch zariaden\u00ed na ka\u017edom konci. St\u013apiky by mali by\u0165 zapusten\u00e9 do zeme dostato\u010dne hlboko, spravidla aspo\u0148 60 centimetrov, aby odolali \u0165ahu napnut\u00e9ho dr\u00f4tu a hmotnosti dospel\u00e9ho stromu v priebehu \u010dasu. Ak tvarujete svoju du\u013eu pri existuj\u00facej stene, na uchytenie dr\u00f4tu v spr\u00e1vnej vzdialenosti od povrchu, zvy\u010dajne p\u00e4\u0165 a\u017e desa\u0165 centimetrov, mo\u017eno pou\u017ei\u0165 skrutkov\u00e9 oka alebo n\u00e1stenn\u00e9 kotvy, \u010do umo\u017en\u00ed dostato\u010dn\u00fa cirkul\u00e1ciu vzduchu za kon\u00e1rmi na zn\u00ed\u017eenie rizika hubov\u00fdch chor\u00f4b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00e1jdite si \u010das na napl\u00e1novanie celej v\u00fd\u0161ky v\u00e1\u0161ho oporn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu e\u0161te predt\u00fdm, ne\u017e za\u010dnete, aj ke\u010f m\u00e1te v \u00famysle v po\u010diato\u010dnom roku vytvori\u0165 len prv\u00fa alebo dve \u00farovne. Presn\u00e9 vedomie toho, kde bude ka\u017ed\u00fd dr\u00f4t umiestnen\u00fd, v\u00e1m umo\u017en\u00ed napl\u00e1nova\u0165 si rezy na tvarovanie roky vopred, namiesto improviz\u00e1cie po\u010das rastu stromu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krok 3: Vyberte svojho centr\u00e1lneho l\u00eddra a prv\u00fa \u00farove\u0148<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Identifikujte siln\u00fd centr\u00e1lny vertik\u00e1lny v\u00fdhonok, ktor\u00fd bude sl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 ako hlavn\u00fd kme\u0148. Hne\u010f pod va\u0161\u00edm prv\u00fdm dr\u00f4tom vyberte dve zdrav\u00e9 bo\u010dn\u00e9 vetvy rast\u00face opa\u010dn\u00fdmi smermi. Z nich sa stane va\u0161a prv\u00e1 vodorovn\u00e1 poschodie. Odre\u017ete centr\u00e1lny l\u00edder tesne nad t\u00fdmto bodom, aby ste povzbudili strom, aby zameral svoju energiu na tieto dve vetvy a podporil rast nov\u00e9ho l\u00eddra pre \u010fal\u0161ie poschodie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pri v\u00fdbere kon\u00e1rov prvej \u00farovne h\u013eadajte v\u00fdhonky, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa na kmeni pribli\u017ene oproti sebe, ide\u00e1lne vo v\u00fd\u0161kovom rozostupe nieko\u013ek\u00fdch centimetrov, a ktor\u00e9 vykazuj\u00fa podobn\u00fa silu rastu. Ak je jeden kandid\u00e1tsky kon\u00e1r v\u00fdrazne slab\u0161\u00ed ako druh\u00fd, \u010dasto je lep\u0161ie po\u010dka\u0165 jednu sez\u00f3nu a vybra\u0165 si z nov\u00e9ho pr\u00edrastku, ne\u017e n\u00fati\u0165 nevyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fa dvojicu do va\u0161ej trvalej \u0161trukt\u00fary. Nerovnomern\u00e1 prv\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 dlhodob\u00e9 probl\u00e9my so symetriou, ktor\u00e9 bude s dozrievan\u00edm stromu \u010doraz \u0165a\u017e\u0161ie napravi\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rez samotn\u00e9ho stredn\u00e9ho termin\u00e1lneho v\u00fdhonku by sa mal urobi\u0165 tesne nad zdrav\u00fdm p\u00fa\u010dikom, ktor\u00fd sa stane nov\u00fdm zvisl\u00fdm v\u00fdhonkom pre rast v nasleduj\u00facej sez\u00f3ne. Rez mierne zo\u0161ikmite smerom pre\u010d od p\u00fa\u010dika, aby voda mohla odteka\u0165 namiesto toho, aby sa hromadila na mieste rezu, \u010do pom\u00e1ha zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 riziko vniknutia hniloby alebo chor\u00f4b do rany.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krok 4: Horizont\u00e1lne vyviazanie kon\u00e1rov<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jemne ohnite dve vybran\u00e9 kon\u00e1re smerom nadol k vodorovn\u00e9mu dr\u00f4tu a upevnite ich m\u00e4kk\u00fdmi \u00fav\u00e4zkami. Ak s\u00fa kon\u00e1re st\u00e1le tuh\u00e9, robte to postupne, v priebehu nieko\u013ek\u00fdch t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov, aby ste zabr\u00e1nili ich zlomeniu. Toto vodorovn\u00e9 usporiadanie spoma\u013euje vertik\u00e1lny rast a podporuje v\u00fdvoj rodiv\u00fdch p\u00fa\u010dikov po celej d\u013a\u017eke kon\u00e1ra, \u010do je presne to, \u010do pre produkt\u00edvny tvarovan\u00fd strom (espalier) chcete.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ak sa v\u00e1m vetva zd\u00e1 obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 tuh\u00e1 alebo pri oh\u00fdban\u00ed kladis\u0165 odpor, je ove\u013ea lep\u0161ie ju najprv zaisti\u0165 v \u010diasto\u010dnom uhle, napr\u00edklad 45 stup\u0148ov, a potom ju v priebehu nasleduj\u00facich dvoch a\u017e troch t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov postupne \u010falej stl\u00e1\u010da\u0165 ni\u017e\u0161ie. Pokus o n\u00e1siln\u00e9 ohnutie tuhej vetvy a\u017e do vodorovnej polohy v r\u00e1mci jedinej rel\u00e1cie je jednou z naj\u010dastej\u0161\u00edch pr\u00ed\u010din n\u00e1hodn\u00e9ho zlomenia po\u010das tvarovania espalieru. Akon\u00e1hle sa vetva zlom\u00ed, strat\u00edte cel\u00fa sez\u00f3nu pokroku na danej \u00farovni, tak\u017ee trpezlivos\u0165 sa tu v\u00fdrazne oplat\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ke\u010f zv\u00e4zujete kon\u00e1re, nechajte pri ka\u017edom \u00fav\u00e4ze miernu v\u00f4\u013eu, zhruba na \u0161\u00edrku prsta, aby ste kompenzovali zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161uj\u00faci sa obvod kon\u00e1ra po\u010das vegeta\u010dn\u00e9ho obdobia. Po\u010das akt\u00edvneho rastu kontrolujte \u00fav\u00e4zy ka\u017ed\u00fd mesiac a pod\u013ea potreby ich upravte, aby \u00fav\u00e4z neza\u0161krtil k\u00f4ru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krok 5: Zopakujte pre \u010fal\u0161ie \u00farovne<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ke\u010f\u017ee centr\u00e1lny l\u00edder pokra\u010duje v raste, zopakujte rovnak\u00fd proces na ka\u017edej nasleduj\u00facej \u00farovni dr\u00f4tov, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa zvy\u010dajne vzdialen\u00e9 rok od seba, aby sa ka\u017ed\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 mohla spr\u00e1vne etablova\u0165. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina krovit\u00fdch kord\u00f3nov dule m\u00e1 tri a\u017e p\u00e4\u0165 \u00farovn\u00ed, hoci to z\u00e1vis\u00ed od v\u00fd\u0161ky va\u0161ej opornej kon\u0161trukcie a osobn\u00fdch preferenci\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Odolajte poku\u0161eniu vytvori\u0165 dve poschodia v tej istej sez\u00f3ne len preto, \u017ee sa strom zd\u00e1 dostato\u010dne bujn\u00fd. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 poschodie potrebuje cel\u00fa vegeta\u010dn\u00fa sez\u00f3nu na v\u00fdvoj vlastn\u00e9ho kore\u0148ov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu a plodonosn\u00e9ho obrastu predt\u00fdm, ako sa energia stromu \u010falej rozdel\u00ed pridan\u00edm \u010fal\u0161ej vrstvy vodorovn\u00fdch kon\u00e1rov. Stromy, ktor\u00e9 sa t\u00fdmto procesom tla\u010dia pr\u00edli\u0161 r\u00fdchlo, \u010dasto vykazuj\u00fa slab\u00fd, tenk\u00fd rast na horn\u00fdch poschodiach, ktor\u00e9 sa aj po rokoch len \u0165a\u017eko dotiahnu na lep\u0161ie zakorenen\u00e9 spodn\u00e9 kon\u00e1re.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krok 6: Odstr\u00e1\u0148te bo\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdhonky a udr\u017eiavajte tvar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Po\u010das celej vegeta\u010dnej sez\u00f3ny odstra\u0148ujte v\u0161etky bo\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdhonky rast\u00face kolmo na ploch\u00fa rovinu kord\u00f3nu. Tieto zre\u017ete na dva a\u017e tri puky, aby ste podoruili tvorbu rodiv\u00e9ho obrastu namiesto dlh\u00fdch, neprodukt\u00edvnych v\u00fdhonkov. Tento letn\u00fd rez je nevyhnutn\u00fd na udr\u017eanie \u010distej, plochej siluety, v\u010faka ktorej s\u00fa ovocn\u00e9 stromy pestovan\u00e9 v tvare palist\u00e1dy vizu\u00e1lne tak\u00e9 p\u00f4sobiv\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dobr\u00fd \u010dasov\u00fd harmonogram pre tento udr\u017eiavac\u00ed rez je kontrolova\u0165 v\u00e1\u0161 strom ka\u017ed\u00e9 tri a\u017e \u0161tyri t\u00fd\u017edne po\u010das celej vegeta\u010dn\u00e9ho obdobia, zvy\u010dajne od neskorej jari do neskor\u00e9ho leta. H\u013eadajte najm\u00e4 v\u00fdhonky rast\u00face priamo smerom k stene alebo od nej, niekedy naz\u00fdvan\u00e9 \u201evlky\u201c, a okam\u017eite ich odstr\u00e1\u0148te alebo skr\u00e1\u0165te predt\u00fdm, ne\u017e vyrast\u00fa v hrub\u00e9, drevnat\u00e9 kon\u00e1re, ktor\u00e9 sa odstra\u0148uj\u00fa \u0165a\u017e\u0161ie bez toho, aby po sebe zanechali ve\u013ek\u00fa ranu. Plodonosn\u00fd obrast, ktor\u00fd u\u017e nieko\u013eko sez\u00f3n rodil ovocie, m\u00f4\u017ee \u010dasom zhustn\u00fa\u0165 a preriedenie pribli\u017ene tretiny najstar\u0161\u00edch rodiv\u00fdch kon\u00e1rikov ka\u017ed\u00fdch p\u00e1r rokov pom\u00e1ha udr\u017eiava\u0165 kvalitu a ve\u013ekos\u0165 ovocia na zost\u00e1vaj\u00facich kon\u00e1rikoch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krok 7: Podporte zotavenie spr\u00e1vnym hnojen\u00edm<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Po ka\u017edom rozsiahlom prerez\u00e1van\u00ed potrebuje strom dodato\u010dn\u00e9 \u017eiviny na zahojenie rezov a podporu nov\u00e9ho rastu. Pr\u00e1ve tu sa naplno prejav\u00ed hodnota hnojiva Ferber Painting pre jablone a hru\u0161ky v balen\u00ed 25 kg. Jeho vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9 zlo\u017eenie podporuje r\u00fdchle zahojenie r\u00e1n, siln\u00fd v\u00fdvoj kore\u0148ov a bujn\u00fd, kontrolovan\u00fd rast presne tam, kde to chcete \u2013 pozd\u013a\u017e horizont\u00e1lnych vetiev namiesto ne\u017eiaducich vertik\u00e1lnych v\u00fdhonkov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Na rozdiel od lacnej\u0161\u00edch hnoj\u00edv, ktor\u00e9 poskytuj\u00fa r\u00fdchlu d\u00e1vku dus\u00edka, ale takmer ni\u010d in\u00e9, n\u00e1\u0161 produkt pon\u00faka kompletn\u00fd profil \u017eiv\u00edn vr\u00e1tane drasl\u00edka a fosforu, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 pre v\u00fdvoj plodov a pevnos\u0165 kore\u0148ov. To je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 najm\u00e4 pre ovocn\u00e9 stromy pestovan\u00e9 v tvare palistety, ktor\u00e9 sa v\u00fdrazne spoliehaj\u00fa na siln\u00fd, dobre zakorenen\u00fd syst\u00e9m, aby kompenzovali svoj nezvy\u010dajn\u00fd, obmedzen\u00fd vzrast.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V praxi to znamen\u00e1 aplikova\u0165 hnojivo okolo obvodu koruny stromu, jemne ho zapracova\u0165 do horn\u00fdch nieko\u013ek\u00fdch centimetrov p\u00f4dy a n\u00e1sledne d\u00f4kladne zalia\u0165, aby sa \u017eiviny dostali do kore\u0148ovej z\u00f3ny. Vyhnite sa prikladaniu hnojiva priamo ku kme\u0148u, preto\u017ee to m\u00f4\u017ee podpori\u0165 hnilobu a nijako nepom\u00e1ha pr\u00edjmu \u017eiv\u00edn, ke\u010f\u017ee akt\u00edvne sacie korene dule sa zvy\u010dajne nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa \u010falej od kme\u0148a, pribli\u017ene pod vonkaj\u0161\u00edm okrajom koruny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krok 8: Priebe\u017en\u00e1 \u00fadr\u017eba v priebehu rokov<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pestovanie v tvare palety nie je jednorazov\u00fd projekt. Ka\u017ed\u00fd rok budete musie\u0165 pokra\u010dova\u0165 v \u00fav\u00e4zovan\u00ed nov\u00e9ho rastu, odstra\u0148ovan\u00ed ne\u017eiaducich v\u00fdhonkov a tvarovan\u00ed stromu, aby si zachoval svoj tvar. S dospievan\u00edm stromu je rez menej o vytv\u00e1ran\u00ed \u0161trukt\u00fary a viac o udr\u017eiavan\u00ed produktivity a vzh\u013eadu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ke\u010f v\u00e1\u0161 duly v tvare espali\u00e9ru dosiahne svoju kone\u010dn\u00fa zam\u00fd\u0161\u013ean\u00fa v\u00fd\u0161ku a po\u010det poschod\u00ed, ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00fd rytmus prejde do predv\u00eddate\u013en\u00e9ho vzorca: zimn\u00e1 kontrola \u0161trukt\u00fary v neskorej zime, po ktorej nasleduj\u00fa dve a\u017e tri kol\u00e1 letn\u00e9ho udr\u017eiavacieho rezu na kontrolu bujn\u00e9ho rastu a udr\u017eanie ploch\u00e9ho profilu. Ka\u017ed\u00fdch p\u00e1r rokov sa oplat\u00ed aj ust\u00fapi\u0165 o krok sp\u00e4\u0165 a zhodnoti\u0165 celkov\u00fa rovnov\u00e1hu stromu, preto\u017ee aj dobre vytvarovan\u00e9 espali\u00e9ry m\u00f4\u017eu vykazova\u0165 nerovnomern\u00fa bujnos\u0165 medzi poschodiami, pri\u010dom spodn\u00e9 kon\u00e1re s\u00fa ob\u010das zatienen\u00e9 horn\u00fdm rastom, ak sa koruna neudr\u017eiava dostato\u010dne riedka, aby prepustila svetlo do celej h\u013abky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pravideln\u00e9 hnojenie je po\u010das tejto f\u00e1zy \u00fadr\u017eby rovnako d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 ako v po\u010diato\u010dn\u00fdch rokoch formovania. Aplik\u00e1cia hnojiva Ferber Painting pod\u013ea sez\u00f3nneho harmonogramu uveden\u00e9ho na obale zaru\u010duje, \u017ee v\u00e1\u0161 kvetnat\u00fd kvet bude rok \u010do rok na\u010falej prosperova\u0165 bez nedostatkov \u017eiv\u00edn, ktor\u00e9 sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa slab\u00fd rast, zl\u00e9 nasadzovanie plodov alebo n\u00e1chylnos\u0165 k chorob\u00e1m. Zrel\u00e9 stromy pestovan\u00e9 na espalieri maj\u00fa tendenciu \u0165a\u017ei\u0165 z pravideln\u00e9ho a spo\u013eahliv\u00e9ho hnojenia e\u0161te viac, pr\u00e1ve preto, \u017ee ich kore\u0148ov\u00fd syst\u00e9m je \u010dasto obmedzenej\u0161\u00ed ako u vo\u013ene rast\u00facich stromov na otvorenom priestranstve, ke\u010f\u017ee maj\u00fa k dispoz\u00edcii menej p\u00f4dy, z ktorej m\u00f4\u017eu \u010derpa\u0165 \u017eiviny po\u010das stresov\u00fdch obdob\u00ed, ako je sucho alebo mimoriadne bohat\u00e9 nasadenie plodov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010cast\u00e9 chyby, ktor\u00fdm sa vyhn\u00fa\u0165<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mnoho za\u010diato\u010dn\u00edkov rob\u00ed t\u00fa chybu, \u017ee v prvom roku strihaj\u00fa pr\u00edli\u0161 agres\u00edvne, odstr\u00e1nia prive\u013ea rastu a strom t\u00fdm \u0161okuj\u00fa. In\u00ed zase zlyhaj\u00fa v pevnom vyviazan\u00ed kon\u00e1rov, \u010do vedie k tomu, \u017ee sa kon\u00e1re vr\u00e1tia do svojej prirodzenej vzpriamenej polohy. Asi naj\u010dastej\u0161ou chybou je v\u0161ak zanedbanie spr\u00e1vneho hnojenia v domnienke, \u017ee na vytvarovanie zdrav\u00e9ho a plodn\u00e9ho ovocn\u00e9ho tvaru (espalier) sta\u010d\u00ed samotn\u00fd rez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010eal\u0161ou chybou, ktor\u00fa stoj\u00ed za zmienku, je netrpezlivos\u0165 s celkov\u00fdm \u010dasov\u00fdm harmonogramom. Z\u00e1hradk\u00e1ri, ktor\u00ed o\u010dak\u00e1vaj\u00fa plne vytvarovan\u00fd p\u00e4\u0165poschodov\u00fd esparto strom (espalier) v priebehu jedinej sez\u00f3ny, nakoniec \u010dasto robia un\u00e1hlen\u00e9 rozhodnutia, ako je pr\u00edli\u0161n\u00e9 a pr\u00edli\u0161 r\u00fdchle oh\u00fdbanie kon\u00e1rov alebo prid\u00e1vanie nov\u00fdch poschod\u00ed predt\u00fdm, ako sa to predch\u00e1dzaj\u00face spr\u00e1vne zakorenilo a etablovalo. S t\u00fdm s\u00favisiacou chybou je zanedbanie \u00fapravy \u00fav\u00e4zkov pri hrubnut\u00ed kon\u00e1rov, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee v priebehu jednej alebo dvoch sez\u00f3n vies\u0165 k za\u0161krteniu a po\u0161kodeniu plet\u00edv, ktor\u00e9 trvalo oslab\u00ed alebo dokonca zahub\u00ed inak zdrav\u00fd kon\u00e1r. Nakoniec, niektor\u00ed z\u00e1hradk\u00e1ri zab\u00fadaj\u00fa bra\u0165 do \u00favahy sez\u00f3nne zmeny slne\u010dn\u00e9ho svitu pri v\u00fdbere orient\u00e1cie svojho esparta, \u010do m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledok nerovnomern\u00fd rast medzi stranou stromu oto\u010denou na slnko a tou v tieni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pravdou je, \u017ee rezanie a hnojenie id\u00fa ruka v ruke. M\u00f4\u017eete ma\u0165 technicky najdokonalej\u0161ie rezy na svete, ale bez spr\u00e1vnych \u017eiv\u00edn nebude ma\u0165 v\u00e1\u0161 kvetnat\u00fd strom jednoducho dostatok energetick\u00fdch rezerv, aby reagoval tak, ako si to \u017eel\u00e1te. Pr\u00e1ve preto odpor\u00fa\u010dame za\u010da\u0165 v\u00e1\u0161 projekt pestovania na \u0161paliere hne\u010f od prv\u00e9ho d\u0148a s hnojivom Ferber Painting pre jablone a hru\u0161ky v balen\u00ed 25 kg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ako \u010dasto by som mal hnoji\u0165 dule po\u010das tvarovania do palmety?<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Odpor\u00fa\u010dame pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 hnojivo Ferber Painting pre jablone a hru\u0161ky dvakr\u00e1t ro\u010dne \u2013 raz na za\u010diatku jari pred vegeta\u010dn\u00fdm obdob\u00edm a raz na konci leta, aby sa podporil v\u00fdvoj kore\u0148ov pred zimn\u00fdm sp\u00e1nkom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00f4\u017eem pou\u017ei\u0165 toto hnojivo aj na in\u00e9 ovocn\u00e9 stromy okrem dule?<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c1no, na\u0161e zlo\u017eenie je \u0161peci\u00e1lne navrhnut\u00e9 pre jadrov\u00e9 ovocn\u00e9 stromy, v\u010faka \u010domu je rovnako \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 pre jablone a hru\u0161ky, okrem dulo\u0148ov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ko\u013eko \u010dasu trv\u00e1 \u00fapln\u00e9 vytvorenie dulov\u00e9ho stromu do tvaru palmety?<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V z\u00e1vislosti od po\u010dtu poschod\u00ed trv\u00e1 kompletn\u00fd tvar esparety zvy\u010dajne tri a\u017e \u0161es\u0165 rokov d\u00f4sledn\u00e9ho rezu a starostlivosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010co sa stane, ak nebudem s hnojivom spokojn\u00fd?<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Ferber Painting pon\u00faka na tento produkt z\u00e1ruku plnej spokojnosti alebo vr\u00e1tenie pe\u0148az\u00ed; \u017eiadna in\u00e1 zna\u010dka hnoj\u00edv na trhu neposkytuje tak\u00fato \u00farove\u0148 istoty a ochrany z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Je 25 kg vrece pr\u00edli\u0161 ve\u013ek\u00e9 pre jednu dom\u00e1cu z\u00e1hradu?<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00f4bec nie, 25 kg balenie je ide\u00e1lne pre viacer\u00e9 stromy alebo nieko\u013eko sez\u00f3n pou\u017e\u00edvania, \u010do z neho rob\u00ed cenovo v\u00fdhodn\u00fa vo\u013ebu v porovnan\u00ed s men\u0161\u00edmi vrecami, ktor\u00e9 je potrebn\u00e9 \u010dasto dokupova\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1ver<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rez douvlehu do kr\u00e1sneho, produkt\u00edvneho tvaru espalier je obohacuj\u00faci proces, ktor\u00fd kombinuje trpezlivos\u0165, techniku \u200b\u200ba spr\u00e1vnu v\u00fd\u017eivu rastl\u00edn. Zatia\u013e \u010do kroky rezu, ktor\u00e9 sme na\u010drtli vy\u0161\u0161ie, v\u00e1m pom\u00f4\u017eu dosiahnu\u0165 po\u017eadovan\u00fa \u0161trukt\u00faru, ni\u010d z toho nedosiahne svoj pln\u00fd potenci\u00e1l bez toho, aby ste svojmu stromu dodali \u017eiviny, ktor\u00e9 potrebuje na hojenie, rast a prosperitu po\u010das viacro\u010dn\u00e9ho procesu tvarovania. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/sk\/products\/apple-and-pear-tree-fertilizer\/\">Nav\u0161t\u00edvte na\u0161u webov\u00fa str\u00e1nku e\u0161te dnes a objednajte si hnojivo na jablone a hru\u0161ky 25 kg a doprajte svojmu kdou\u013eovcovi veden\u00e9mu na dr\u00f4tenke pevn\u00fd z\u00e1klad, ak\u00fd si zasl\u00fa\u017ei, podlo\u017een\u00fd na\u0161ou z\u00e1rukou spokojnosti alebo vr\u00e1tenia pe\u0148az\u00ed.<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Before we even talk about pruning techniques, angles, and cutting tools, there is one truth every experienced orchardist will tell you: everything depends on the quality of the product you use to nourish your tree. A perfectly executed espalier pruning job will never reach its full potential if the tree behind it is malnourished, stressed, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":283426,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-283427","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general"],"spectra_custom_meta":{"_uagb_previous_block_counts":["a:90:{s:21:\"uagb\/advanced-heading\";i:0;s:15:\"uagb\/blockquote\";i:0;s:12:\"uagb\/buttons\";i:0;s:18:\"uagb\/buttons-child\";i:0;s:19:\"uagb\/call-to-action\";i:0;s:15:\"uagb\/cf7-styler\";i:0;s:11:\"uagb\/column\";i:0;s:12:\"uagb\/columns\";i:0;s:14:\"uagb\/container\";i:0;s:21:\"uagb\/content-timeline\";i:0;s:27:\"uagb\/content-timeline-child\";i:0;s:14:\"uagb\/countdown\";i:0;s:12:\"uagb\/counter\";i:0;s:8:\"uagb\/faq\";i:0;s:14:\"uagb\/faq-child\";i:0;s:10:\"uagb\/forms\";i:0;s:17:\"uagb\/forms-accept\";i:0;s:19:\"uagb\/forms-checkbox\";i:0;s:15:\"uagb\/forms-date\";i:0;s:16:\"uagb\/forms-email\";i:0;s:17:\"uagb\/forms-hidden\";i:0;s:15:\"uagb\/forms-name\";i:0;s:16:\"uagb\/forms-phone\";i:0;s:16:\"uagb\/forms-radio\";i:0;s:17:\"uagb\/forms-select\";i:0;s:19:\"uagb\/forms-textarea\";i:0;s:17:\"uagb\/forms-toggle\";i:0;s:14:\"uagb\/forms-url\";i:0;s:14:\"uagb\/gf-styler\";i:0;s:15:\"uagb\/google-map\";i:0;s:11:\"uagb\/how-to\";i:0;s:16:\"uagb\/how-to-step\";i:0;s:9:\"uagb\/icon\";i:0;s:14:\"uagb\/icon-list\";i:0;s:20:\"uagb\/icon-list-child\";i:0;s:10:\"uagb\/image\";i:0;s:18:\"uagb\/image-gallery\";i:0;s:13:\"uagb\/info-box\";i:0;s:18:\"uagb\/inline-notice\";i:0;s:11:\"uagb\/lottie\";i:0;s:21:\"uagb\/marketing-button\";i:0;s:10:\"uagb\/modal\";i:0;s:18:\"uagb\/popup-builder\";i:0;s:16:\"uagb\/post-button\";i:0;s:18:\"uagb\/post-carousel\";i:0;s:17:\"uagb\/post-excerpt\";i:0;s:14:\"uagb\/post-grid\";i:0;s:15:\"uagb\/post-image\";i:0;s:17:\"uagb\/post-masonry\";i:0;s:14:\"uagb\/post-meta\";i:0;s:18:\"uagb\/post-taxonomy\";i:0;s:18:\"uagb\/post-timeline\";i:0;s:15:\"uagb\/post-title\";i:0;s:20:\"uagb\/restaurant-menu\";i:0;s:26:\"uagb\/restaurant-menu-child\";i:0;s:11:\"uagb\/review\";i:0;s:12:\"uagb\/section\";i:0;s:14:\"uagb\/separator\";i:0;s:11:\"uagb\/slider\";i:0;s:17:\"uagb\/slider-child\";i:0;s:17:\"uagb\/social-share\";i:0;s:23:\"uagb\/social-share-child\";i:0;s:16:\"uagb\/star-rating\";i:0;s:23:\"uagb\/sure-cart-checkout\";i:0;s:22:\"uagb\/sure-cart-product\";i:0;s:15:\"uagb\/sure-forms\";i:0;s:22:\"uagb\/table-of-contents\";i:0;s:9:\"uagb\/tabs\";i:0;s:15:\"uagb\/tabs-child\";i:0;s:18:\"uagb\/taxonomy-list\";i:0;s:9:\"uagb\/team\";i:0;s:16:\"uagb\/testimonial\";i:0;s:14:\"uagb\/wp-search\";i:0;s:19:\"uagb\/instagram-feed\";i:0;s:10:\"uagb\/login\";i:0;s:17:\"uagb\/loop-builder\";i:0;s:18:\"uagb\/loop-category\";i:0;s:20:\"uagb\/loop-pagination\";i:0;s:15:\"uagb\/loop-reset\";i:0;s:16:\"uagb\/loop-search\";i:0;s:14:\"uagb\/loop-sort\";i:0;s:17:\"uagb\/loop-wrapper\";i:0;s:13:\"uagb\/register\";i:0;s:19:\"uagb\/register-email\";i:0;s:24:\"uagb\/register-first-name\";i:0;s:23:\"uagb\/register-last-name\";i:0;s:22:\"uagb\/register-password\";i:0;s:30:\"uagb\/register-reenter-password\";i:0;s:19:\"uagb\/register-terms\";i:0;s:22:\"uagb\/register-username\";i:0;}"],"_thumbnail_id":["283426"],"_uag_css_file_name":["uag-css-283427.css"],"_elementor_page_assets":["a:0:{}"],"_uag_page_assets":["a:9:{s:3:\"css\";s:7133:\".uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-desktop) !important}@media(max-width: 976px){.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-tablet) !important}}@media(max-width: 767px){.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-mobile) !important}}.wp-block-uagb-image{display:flex}.wp-block-uagb-image__figure{position:relative;display:flex;flex-direction:column;max-width:100%;height:auto;margin:0}.wp-block-uagb-image__figure img{height:auto;display:flex;max-width:100%;transition:box-shadow .2s ease}.wp-block-uagb-image__figure>a{display:inline-block}.wp-block-uagb-image__figure figcaption{text-align:center;margin-top:.5em;margin-bottom:1em}.wp-block-uagb-image .components-placeholder.block-editor-media-placeholder .components-placeholder__instructions{align-self:center}.wp-block-uagb-image--align-left{text-align:left}.wp-block-uagb-image--align-right{text-align:right}.wp-block-uagb-image--align-center{text-align:center}.wp-block-uagb-image--align-full .wp-block-uagb-image__figure{margin-left:calc(50% - 50vw);margin-right:calc(50% - 50vw);max-width:100vw;width:100vw;height:auto}.wp-block-uagb-image--align-full .wp-block-uagb-image__figure img{height:auto;width:100% !important}.wp-block-uagb-image--align-wide .wp-block-uagb-image__figure img{height:auto;width:100%}.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__color-wrapper{position:absolute;left:0;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;opacity:.2;background:rgba(0,0,0,.5);transition:opacity .35s ease-in-out}.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay-link{position:absolute;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;top:0}.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__color-wrapper{opacity:1}.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner{position:absolute;left:15px;right:15px;bottom:15px;top:15px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;flex-direction:column;border-color:#fff;transition:.35s ease-in-out}.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner.top-left,.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner.top-center,.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner.top-right{justify-content:flex-start}.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner.bottom-left,.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner.bottom-center,.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner.bottom-right{justify-content:flex-end}.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner.top-left,.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner.center-left,.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner.bottom-left{align-items:flex-start}.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner.top-right,.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner.center-right,.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner.bottom-right{align-items:flex-end}.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-heading{color:#fff;transition:transform .35s,opacity .35s ease-in-out;transform:translate3d(0, 24px, 0);margin:0;line-height:1em}.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-separator{width:30%;border-top-width:2px;border-top-color:#fff;border-top-style:solid;margin-bottom:10px;opacity:0;transition:transform .4s,opacity .4s ease-in-out;transform:translate3d(0, 30px, 0)}.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-caption{opacity:0;overflow:visible;color:#fff;transition:transform .45s,opacity .45s ease-in-out;transform:translate3d(0, 35px, 0)}.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner:hover .uagb-image-heading,.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner:hover .uagb-image-separator,.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner:hover .uagb-image-caption{opacity:1;transform:translate3d(0, 0, 0)}.wp-block-uagb-image--effect-zoomin .wp-block-uagb-image__figure img,.wp-block-uagb-image--effect-zoomin .wp-block-uagb-image__figure .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__color-wrapper{transform:scale(1);transition:transform .35s ease-in-out}.wp-block-uagb-image--effect-zoomin .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover img,.wp-block-uagb-image--effect-zoomin .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__color-wrapper{transform:scale(1.05)}.wp-block-uagb-image--effect-slide .wp-block-uagb-image__figure img,.wp-block-uagb-image--effect-slide .wp-block-uagb-image__figure .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__color-wrapper{width:calc(100% + 40px) !important;max-width:none !important;transform:translate3d(-40px, 0, 0);transition:transform .35s ease-in-out}.wp-block-uagb-image--effect-slide .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover img,.wp-block-uagb-image--effect-slide .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__color-wrapper{transform:translate3d(0, 0, 0)}.wp-block-uagb-image--effect-grayscale img{filter:grayscale(0%);transition:.35s ease-in-out}.wp-block-uagb-image--effect-grayscale:hover img{filter:grayscale(100%)}.wp-block-uagb-image--effect-blur img{filter:blur(0);transition:.35s ease-in-out}.wp-block-uagb-image--effect-blur:hover img{filter:blur(3px)}.uagb-block-e6f939b3.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-default figure img{box-shadow: 0px 0px 0 #00000070;}.uagb-block-e6f939b3.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure figcaption{font-style: normal;align-self: center;}.uagb-block-e6f939b3.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay figure img{box-shadow: 0px 0px 0 #00000070;}.uagb-block-e6f939b3.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__color-wrapper{opacity: 0.2;}.uagb-block-e6f939b3.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner{left: 15px;right: 15px;top: 15px;bottom: 15px;}.uagb-block-e6f939b3.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-heading{font-style: normal;color: #fff;opacity: 1;}.uagb-block-e6f939b3.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-heading a{color: #fff;}.uagb-block-e6f939b3.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-caption{opacity: 0;}.uagb-block-e6f939b3.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__color-wrapper{opacity: 1;}.uagb-block-e6f939b3.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-separator{width: 30%;border-top-width: 2px;border-top-color: #fff;opacity: 0;}.uagb-block-e6f939b3.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure img{width: px;height: auto;}.uagb-block-e6f939b3.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-caption{opacity: 1;}.uagb-block-e6f939b3.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure:hover .wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay__inner .uagb-image-separator{opacity: 1;}.uagb-block-e6f939b3.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-default figure:hover img{box-shadow: 0px 0px 0 #00000070;}.uagb-block-e6f939b3.wp-block-uagb-image--layout-overlay figure:hover img{box-shadow: 0px 0px 0 #00000070;}@media only screen and (max-width: 976px) {.uagb-block-e6f939b3.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure img{width: px;height: auto;}}@media only screen and (max-width: 767px) {.uagb-block-e6f939b3.wp-block-uagb-image .wp-block-uagb-image__figure img{width: px;height: auto;}}\";s:2:\"js\";s:0:\"\";s:18:\"current_block_list\";a:15:{i:0;s:14:\"core\/paragraph\";i:1;s:12:\"core\/heading\";i:2;s:10:\"core\/table\";i:3;s:9:\"core\/list\";i:4;s:11:\"core\/search\";i:5;s:10:\"core\/group\";i:6;s:17:\"core\/latest-posts\";i:7;s:20:\"core\/latest-comments\";i:8;s:13:\"core\/archives\";i:9;s:15:\"core\/categories\";i:10;s:10:\"uagb\/image\";i:11;s:11:\"core\/spacer\";i:12;s:30:\"woocommerce\/product-categories\";i:13;s:10:\"core\/image\";i:14;s:14:\"core\/shortcode\";}s:8:\"uag_flag\";b:1;s:11:\"uag_version\";i:1788759662;s:6:\"gfonts\";a:0:{}s:10:\"gfonts_url\";s:0:\"\";s:12:\"gfonts_files\";a:0:{}s:14:\"uag_faq_layout\";b:0;}"]},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/comment-tailler-un-cognassier-en-espalier.jpg",867,650,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/comment-tailler-un-cognassier-en-espalier-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/comment-tailler-un-cognassier-en-espalier-300x225.jpg",300,225,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/comment-tailler-un-cognassier-en-espalier-768x576.jpg",768,576,true],"large":["https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/comment-tailler-un-cognassier-en-espalier.jpg",867,650,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/comment-tailler-un-cognassier-en-espalier.jpg",867,650,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/comment-tailler-un-cognassier-en-espalier.jpg",867,650,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/comment-tailler-un-cognassier-en-espalier-16x12.jpg",16,12,true],"woocommerce_thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/comment-tailler-un-cognassier-en-espalier-300x300.jpg",300,300,true],"woocommerce_single":["https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/comment-tailler-un-cognassier-en-espalier-600x450.jpg",600,450,true],"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/comment-tailler-un-cognassier-en-espalier-100x100.jpg",100,100,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"admin","author_link":"https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/sk\/blog\/author\/admin2721\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Before we even talk about pruning techniques, angles, and cutting tools, there is one truth every experienced orchardist will tell you: everything depends on the quality of the product you use to nourish your tree. A perfectly executed espalier pruning job will never reach its full potential if the tree behind it is malnourished, stressed,&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/283427","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=283427"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/283427\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/283426"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=283427"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=283427"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=283427"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}