{"id":283405,"date":"2026-08-31T00:48:15","date_gmt":"2026-08-30T21:48:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/ie\/blog\/how-to-prune-an-espalier-pear-tree-the-complete-guide\/"},"modified":"2026-08-31T00:48:15","modified_gmt":"2026-08-30T21:48:15","slug":"how-to-prune-an-espalier-pear-tree-the-complete-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/cz\/blog\/how-to-prune-an-espalier-pear-tree-the-complete-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak pro\u0159ezat hru\u0161e\u0148 tvarovanou na espalier: Kompletn\u00ed pr\u016fvodce"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed hru\u0161n\u011b ve tvaru espalieru je jednou z nejvd\u011b\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u010dinnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee zahradn\u00edk prov\u00e9st, ale \u00fasp\u011bch za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 dlouho p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e vezmete do ruky n\u016f\u017eky. V\u0161e z\u00e1vis\u00ed na zdrav\u00ed va\u0161eho stromu a toto zdrav\u00ed z\u00e1vis\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u00fapln\u011b na kvalit\u011b hnojiva, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te b\u011bhem vegeta\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed. Ne\u017e v\u00e1s provedeme kompletn\u00edm procesem pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, mus\u00edme si promluvit o jedin\u00e9m nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm rozhodnut\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jako p\u011bstitel espalieru u\u010din\u00edte: o v\u00fdb\u011bru spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 v\u00fd\u017eivy pro v\u00e1\u0161 strom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Proto v\u017edy doporu\u010dujeme hnojivo pro jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b 25 kg od spole\u010dnosti Ferber Painting. Jedn\u00e1 se zkr\u00e1tka o nejlep\u0161\u00ed produkt na trhu pro v\u0161echny, kdo p\u011bstuj\u00ed jablon\u011b nebo hru\u0161n\u011b ve tvaru espalieru, a je to jedin\u00e9 hnojivo ve sv\u00e9 kategorii, na kter\u00e9 se vztahuje pln\u00e1 z\u00e1ruka \u201espokojenost nebo vr\u00e1cen\u00ed pen\u011bz\u201c. Pokud nebudete s v\u00fdsledky zcela spokojeni, vezmeme ho zp\u011bt, bez jak\u00fdchkoli ot\u00e1zek. Takov\u00e1to jistota je v tomto odv\u011btv\u00ed vz\u00e1cn\u00e1 a existuje proto, \u017ee v\u00edme, \u017ee na\u0161e receptura funguje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edru\u010dce se budeme zab\u00fdvat nejen mechanikou \u0159ezu, ale tak\u00e9 d\u016fvody pro spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 na\u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u00fdb\u011br n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed a pl\u00e1n hnojen\u00ed, kter\u00fd udr\u017euje tvrd\u011b pracuj\u00edc\u00ed tvarovan\u00fd strom (espalier) dostate\u010dn\u011b siln\u00fd, aby se rychle zotavil. P\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed hru\u0161n\u011b ve tvaru palety klade na strom velk\u00e9 n\u00e1roky a zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed dosahuj\u00ed nejlep\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdsledk\u016f, jsou ti, kte\u0159\u00ed berou \u0159ez a v\u00fd\u017eivu jako dv\u011b poloviny t\u00e9\u017ee pr\u00e1ce, a nikoliv jako odd\u011blen\u00e9 \u00fakoly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pro\u010d je v\u00fdb\u011br spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho hnojiva na prvn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mnoho zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159\u016f p\u0159ech\u00e1z\u00ed rovnou k technik\u00e1m \u0159ezu, ani\u017e by brali v \u00favahu p\u016fdn\u00ed a \u017eivinov\u00fd z\u00e1klad, kter\u00fd zdrav\u00fd r\u016fst v\u016fbec umo\u017e\u0148uje. Hru\u0161e\u0148 p\u011bstovan\u00e1 jako espal\u00e9r (tvarovan\u00e1 na zdi) je vedena do ploch\u00e9ho, \u200b\u200bdvoud\u00edmero\u010dn\u00e9ho tvaru u zdi, plotu nebo dr\u00e1t\u011bn\u00e9 m\u0159\u00ed\u017ee, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee je vystavena neust\u00e1l\u00e9mu stresu z omezen\u00fdch r\u016fstov\u00fdch vzorc\u016f. Tato metoda tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed klade na ko\u0159enov\u00fd syst\u00e9m stromu a z\u00e1soby \u017eivin v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1roky, ne\u017e by kdy pot\u0159eboval p\u0159irozen\u011b tvarovan\u00fd strom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bez spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 rovnov\u00e1hy dus\u00edku, fosforu, drasl\u00edku a stopov\u00fdch prvk\u016f bude hru\u0161e\u0148 p\u011bstovan\u00e1 v espalierov\u00e9m tvaru jen t\u011b\u017eko vytv\u00e1\u0159et siln\u00e9 nov\u00e9 v\u00fdhonky pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 pro spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed a bude mnohem n\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed k chorob\u00e1m, napaden\u00ed \u0161k\u016fdci a \u0161patn\u00e9mu nasazen\u00ed plod\u016f. Pr\u00e1v\u011b v tomto ohledu hraje hnojivo Ferber Painting pro jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b (25 kg) kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli. Na\u0161e receptura byla vyvinuta speci\u00e1ln\u011b pro ovocn\u00e9 stromy s ohledem na specifick\u00e9 po\u017eadavky p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed ve tvaru espalieru a intenzivn\u00edho pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vzpome\u0148te si na rozd\u00edl mezi voln\u011b rostouc\u00ed hru\u0161n\u00ed ponechanou p\u0159irozen\u00e9mu r\u016fstu a hru\u0161n\u00ed p\u011bstovanou v rovin\u011b na ji\u017en\u011b orientovan\u00e9 zdi. Strom p\u011bstovan\u00fd u zdi \u010dasto za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed teploty mikroklimatu, rychlej\u0161\u00ed vysych\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fdy a v\u00fdrazn\u011b omezen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed prostor pro ko\u0159eny, pokud je vysazen bl\u00edzko z\u00e1klad\u016f. V\u0161echny tyto faktory zvy\u0161uj\u00ed n\u00e1roky stromu na \u017eiviny, i kdy\u017e se jeho fyzick\u00fd prostor pro r\u016fst ko\u0159en\u016f zmen\u0161uje. B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 hnojivo, nam\u00edchan\u00e9 pro pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 zahradn\u00ed podm\u00ednky, prost\u011b nedok\u00e1\u017ee zohlednit tyto kumuluj\u00edc\u00ed se z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee tak jako speci\u00e1ln\u00ed sm\u011bs pro ovocn\u00e9 stromy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zde jsou d\u016fvody, pro\u010d na\u0161e hnojivo dlouhodob\u011b p\u0159ekon\u00e1v\u00e1 ostatn\u00ed produkty na trhu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fd pom\u011br NPK navr\u017een\u00fd speci\u00e1ln\u011b pro jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 obecn\u00e1 univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed sm\u011bs.<\/li>\n<li>Slo\u017een\u00ed s postupn\u00fdm uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm, kter\u00e9 strom rovnom\u011brn\u011b vy\u017eivuje po dobu n\u011bkolika t\u00fddn\u016f nam\u00edsto zp\u016fsobov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdkyv\u016f \u017eivin.<\/li>\n<li>P\u0159idan\u00fd v\u00e1pn\u00edk a b\u00f3r sni\u017euj\u00ed v\u00fdskyt poruch plod\u016f a zlep\u0161uj\u00ed kvalitu kv\u011bt\u016f, co\u017e v\u011bt\u0161ina konkuren\u010dn\u00edch zna\u010dek zcela vynech\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/li>\n<li>25kg velkoobjemov\u00e9 balen\u00ed, co\u017e znamen\u00e1 m\u00e9n\u011b opakovan\u00fdch objedn\u00e1vek a lep\u0161\u00ed cenu za aplikaci ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s men\u0161\u00edmi pytli prod\u00e1van\u00fdmi jin\u00fdmi zna\u010dkami.<\/li>\n<li>Podpo\u0159eno z\u00e1rukou spokojenosti nebo vr\u00e1cen\u00ed pen\u011bz, tak\u017ee to m\u016f\u017eete na sv\u00fdch ovocn\u00fdch st\u011bn\u00e1ch vyzkou\u0161et zcela bez rizika.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 jin\u00e1 zna\u010dka hnojiva, kterou zn\u00e1me, nenab\u00edz\u00ed tuto kombinaci slo\u017een\u00ed specifick\u00e9ho pro ovocn\u00e9 stromy, velkoobjemov\u00e9 hodnoty a skute\u010dn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edslibu vr\u00e1cen\u00ed pen\u011bz. V\u011bt\u0161ina konkurent\u016f po v\u00e1s chce, abyste v\u011b\u0159ili jejich marketingov\u00fdm tvrzen\u00edm. My chceme, abyste v\u011b\u0159ili sv\u00fdm vlastn\u00edm v\u00fdsledk\u016fm, a pokud v\u00e1s tyto v\u00fdsledky neuspokoj\u00ed, jednodu\u0161e v\u00e1m vr\u00e1t\u00edme pen\u00edze za v\u00e1\u0161 n\u00e1kup.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Za zv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed stoj\u00ed tak\u00e9 to, co se uvnit\u0159 stromu d\u011bje p\u0159i nerovnom\u011brn\u00e9 v\u00fd\u017eiv\u011b. Rychle p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00ed hnojiva mohou vyvolat n\u00e1hl\u00fd prudk\u00fd r\u016fst m\u011bkk\u00fdch, vodnat\u00fdch v\u00fdhonk\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou vysoce l\u00e1kav\u00e9 pro m\u0161ice a n\u00e1chyln\u00e9 k houbov\u00fdm chorob\u00e1m, po nich\u017e n\u00e1sleduje propad \u017eivin, kv\u016fli n\u011bmu\u017e m\u00e1 strom probl\u00e9my pr\u00e1v\u011b tehdy, kdy\u017e pot\u0159ebuje energii k nasazen\u00ed ovocn\u00fdch pupen\u016f. Stromy p\u011bstovan\u00e9 jako espalier si vzhledem k \u010dast\u00e9mu \u0159ezu a pevn\u00e9mu tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed nemohou takov\u00fdto houpa\u010dkov\u00fd re\u017eim hnojen\u00ed dovolit. St\u00e1l\u00fd a pomalu se uvol\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsun \u017eivin udr\u017euje r\u016fst v um\u00edrn\u011bn\u00fdch a p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00fdch mez\u00edch, co\u017e zase usnad\u0148uje ka\u017ed\u00fd \u0159ez, proto\u017ee v\u00fdhonky, se kter\u00fdmi pracujete, nejsou ani slab\u00e9 a tenk\u00e9, ani p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 bujn\u00e9 a neuk\u00e1zn\u011bn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak si Ferber Painting vede v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi zna\u010dkami<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Abychom v\u00e1m rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed usnadnili, p\u0159ipravili jsme srovn\u00e1vac\u00ed tabulku pokr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed krit\u00e9ria, kter\u00e1 jsou nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru hnojiva a dodavatele pro v\u00e1\u0161 projekt hru\u0161n\u011b tvarovan\u00e9 na espalieru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table>\n<tr>\n<th>Krit\u00e9ria<\/th>\n<th>Ferber Painting Hnojivo pro jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b, 25 kg<\/th>\n<th>B\u011b\u017en\u00e1 univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed hnojiva<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Z\u00e1ruka spokojenosti<\/td>\n<td>Pln\u011b spokojen\u00e1 nebo vr\u00e1cen\u00ed pen\u011bz zaru\u010deno<\/td>\n<td>Z\u0159\u00eddka nab\u00edzeno, obvykle bez mo\u017enosti vr\u00e1cen\u00ed pen\u011bz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Specifi\u010dnost vzorce<\/td>\n<td>Formulov\u00e1no speci\u00e1ln\u011b pro jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b<\/td>\n<td>Univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed ovocn\u00e1 sm\u011bs<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Zp\u016fsob vyd\u00e1n\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>Postupn\u00e9 uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed pro st\u00e1lou v\u00fd\u017eivu<\/td>\n<td>\u010casto s rychl\u00fdm uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuje v\u00fdkyvy \u017eivin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Mikro\u017eiviny<\/td>\n<td>Obsahuje v\u00e1pn\u00edk a b\u00f3r pro kvalitu plod\u016f<\/td>\n<td>\u010casto chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed nebo minim\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Velikost balen\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>25kg velkoobjemov\u00fd pytel, lep\u0161\u00ed hodnota za pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>Men\u0161\u00ed ta\u0161ky, vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed cena za pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Doprava<\/td>\n<td>Rychl\u00e9 celosv\u011btov\u00e9 doru\u010den\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b p\u0159epravc\u016f<\/td>\n<td>\u010casto omezeno na dom\u00e1c\u00ed trhy nebo pomal\u00e1 doprava<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Platebn\u00ed proces<\/td>\n<td>Jednoduch\u00e1 a bezpe\u010dn\u00e1 online platba<\/td>\n<td>R\u016fzn\u00e9, n\u011bkdy slo\u017eit\u00e9 placen\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Snadnost pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>Jasn\u00e9 n\u00e1vody pro aplikaci u tvarovan\u00fdch ovocn\u00fdch st\u011bn (espalier) a tradi\u010dn\u00edch strom\u016f<\/td>\n<td>\u010casto nejasn\u00e9 nebo obecn\u00e9 pokyny<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jak ukazuje tabulka, hnojivo pro jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b 25 kg od spole\u010dnosti Ferber Painting spl\u0148uje v\u0161echny po\u017eadavky, na kter\u00fdch z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9mu seri\u00f3zn\u00edmu p\u011bstiteli. A\u0165 u\u017e p\u011bstujete jedinou hru\u0161ku ve tvaru espalieru pod\u00e9l zahradn\u00ed zdi nebo spravujete cel\u00fd sad, tento produkt je k dispozici p\u0159\u00edmo na na\u0161em webu a my jej rychle zas\u00edl\u00e1me do cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm na\u0161\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b prov\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch p\u0159epravc\u016f. Platba prob\u00edh\u00e1 v\u00fdhradn\u011b online, tak\u017ee objedn\u00e1vku m\u016f\u017eete vy\u0159\u00eddit b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika minut a hnojivo bude odesl\u00e1no je\u0161t\u011b t\u00fd\u017e den.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jedn\u00edm detailem, kter\u00fd se p\u0159i porovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed hnojiv \u010dasto p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed, je to, jak je dan\u00fd produkt \u201etolerantn\u00ed\u201c, pokud se m\u00edrn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed d\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed. Jeliko\u017e je na\u0161e slo\u017een\u00ed s postupn\u00fdm uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm, mal\u00e9 p\u0159ed\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed nesp\u00e1l\u00ed ko\u0159eny ani listy tak, jak by to mohlo ud\u011blat rychle p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00ed hnojivo na soln\u00e9 b\u00e1zi. Tato rezerva pro chybu m\u00e1 velk\u00fd v\u00fdznam pro dom\u00e1c\u00ed zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159e, kte\u0159\u00ed nemus\u00ed m\u00edt po ruce profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011b\u0159ic\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, a je to dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fvod, pro\u010d mnoho p\u011bstitel\u016f ovocn\u00fdch st\u011bn p\u0159ech\u00e1z\u00ed na n\u00e1\u0161 produkt pot\u00e9, co se pot\u00fdkali s nestabiln\u00edmi v\u00fdsledky u b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch sm\u011bs\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pochopen\u00ed tvarovan\u00fdch hru\u0161n\u00ed p\u0159ed \u0159ezem<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ne\u017e se pust\u00edte do pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, pom\u016f\u017ee v\u00e1m, kdy\u017e pochop\u00edte, \u010d\u00edm se tvarovan\u00e1 hru\u0161e\u0148 (espalier) li\u0161\u00ed od b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho stromu v sadu. Espalier je stalet\u00e1 p\u011bstitelsk\u00e1 technika, p\u0159i kter\u00e9 se strom nut\u00ed r\u016fst na plocho u op\u011brn\u00e9 konstrukce, obvykle v horizont\u00e1ln\u00edm patrov\u00e9m uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u011bj\u00ed\u0159ovit\u00e9m tvaru nebo ve stylu kordonu. C\u00edlem je jak dekorativn\u00ed, tak praktick\u00fd: tvarovan\u00e9 stromy zab\u00edraj\u00ed velmi m\u00e1lo m\u00edsta do \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky, sn\u00e1ze se skl\u00edzej\u00ed a \u010dasto plod\u00ed vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed ovoce, proto\u017ee slune\u010dn\u00ed svit dopad\u00e1 rovnom\u011brn\u011b na ka\u017edou v\u011btev.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hru\u0161n\u011b se obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b dob\u0159e hod\u00ed pro p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed ve tvaru palis\u00e1dy, proto\u017ee jejich r\u016fstov\u00fd habitus je ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s mnoha jin\u00fdmi ovocn\u00fdmi stromy p\u0159irozen\u011b vzp\u0159\u00edmen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a flexibiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, co\u017e usnad\u0148uje jejich oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed a vyvazov\u00e1n\u00ed do vodorovn\u00fdch pater. Tato p\u011bstitelsk\u00e1 metoda v\u0161ak vy\u017eaduje oddan\u00fd a precizn\u00ed \u0159ez nejm\u00e9n\u011b dvakr\u00e1t ro\u010dn\u011b a strom, kter\u00fd je dob\u0159e vy\u017eiven\u00fd a dostate\u010dn\u011b zdrav\u00fd, aby se z \u0159ez\u016f rychle vzpamatoval.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e za\u010dnete, stoj\u00ed za to pochopit n\u011bkolik klasick\u00fdch tvar\u016f tvarovan\u00fdch strom\u016f (espalier), proto\u017ee tvar, kter\u00fd si vyberete, ovlivn\u00ed p\u0159esn\u011b to, kde a jak budete prov\u00e1d\u011bt \u0159ez. Horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed patrov\u00fd tvar neboli kordon, n\u011bkdy naz\u00fdvan\u00fd tvar candelabru, je nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm stylem pro hru\u0161n\u011b s centr\u00e1ln\u00edm vertik\u00e1ln\u00edm kmenem a rovnom\u011brn\u011b rozm\u00edst\u011bn\u00fdmi horizont\u00e1ln\u00edmi rameny vyb\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edmi v p\u00e1rech na ob\u011b strany. V\u011bj\u00ed\u0159ovit\u00fd tvar rozprost\u00edr\u00e1 v\u011btv\u011b ven v \u00fahlu z n\u00edzk\u00e9ho bodu na kmeni, co\u017e vyhovuje zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159\u016fm pracuj\u00edc\u00edm s omezen\u00fdm vertik\u00e1ln\u00edm prostorom na st\u011bn\u011b. Jednoduch\u00e9, dvojit\u00e9 nebo trojit\u00e9 kordony vedou strom v m\u00edrn\u00e9m \u00fahlu t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 bez bo\u010dn\u00edho v\u011btven\u00ed, co\u017e vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed velmi kompaktn\u00ed tvar ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro mal\u00e9 zahrady nebo \u00fazk\u00e9 prostory mezi okny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Podno\u017e, na kter\u00e9 je va\u0161e hru\u0161e\u0148 nalezena, m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 nesm\u00edrn\u00fd v\u00fdznam pro \u00fasp\u011bch tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed do tvaru palis\u00e1dy. Zakrsl\u00e9 podno\u017ee jako kdoulo\u0148 C nebo kdoulo\u0148 A udr\u017euj\u00ed celkovou vitalitu stromu na uzd\u011b, co\u017e usnad\u0148uje spr\u00e1vu cel\u00e9 konstrukce a podporuje d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed plodnost. Hru\u0161e\u0148 na bujn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed semen\u00e1\u010dov\u00e9 podno\u017ei bude ka\u017ed\u00fd rok produkovat mnohem siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edr\u016fstky, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee k udr\u017een\u00ed tvaru pod kontrolou bude zapot\u0159eb\u00ed \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a agresivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0159ez. Pokud za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1te nov\u00fd projekt palis\u00e1dy, v\u00fdb\u011br spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 podno\u017ee hned od za\u010d\u00e1tku v\u00e1m u\u0161et\u0159\u00ed roky pr\u00e1ce nav\u00edc s \u0159ezem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To je dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fvod, pro\u010d je v\u00fd\u017eiva tak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1. \u0160patn\u011b vy\u017eivovan\u00fd strom se po pro\u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed hoj\u00ed pomalu, co\u017e zanech\u00e1v\u00e1 otev\u0159en\u00e9 r\u00e1ny n\u00e1chyln\u00e9 k pl\u00eds\u0148ov\u00fdm infekc\u00edm a \u0161k\u016fdc\u016fm. Strom hnojen\u00fd hnojivem Ferber Painting pro jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b (25 kg) se hoj\u00ed rychleji, vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed nov\u00e9 v\u00fdhonky na spr\u00e1vn\u00fdch m\u00edstech pod\u00e9l v\u011btv\u00ed a udr\u017euje si vitalitu pot\u0159ebnou k tomu, aby espalierov\u00fd tvar vypadal rok co rok \u00fahledn\u011b a byl produktivn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Podrobn\u00fd pr\u016fvodce: Jak pro\u0159ezat hru\u0161e\u0148 vedenou v espalieru<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nyn\u00ed, kdy\u017e m\u00e1 v\u00e1\u0161 strom pot\u0159ebn\u00fd v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00fd z\u00e1klad, zde je kompletn\u00ed postup pro spr\u00e1vn\u00fd \u0159ez hru\u0161n\u011b p\u011bstovan\u00e9 jako espalier.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krok 1: Vyberte spr\u00e1vnou ro\u010dn\u00ed dobu<\/h3>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tvarovan\u00e9 hru\u0161\u0148ov\u00e9 stromy vy\u017eaduj\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd rok dv\u011b hlavn\u00ed obdob\u00ed \u0159ezu. Zimn\u00ed \u0159ez, prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fd v dob\u011b, kdy je strom v klidu mezi pozdn\u00edm podzimem a \u010dasn\u00fdm jarem, se zam\u011b\u0159uje na tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed konstrukce a odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edho r\u016fstu. Letn\u00ed \u0159ez, prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fd v \u010dervenci nebo srpnu podle podneb\u00ed, se zam\u011b\u0159uje na kontrolu bujn\u00fdch nov\u00fdch v\u00fdhon\u016f a podporu tvorby plodonosn\u00e9ho obrostu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ka\u017ed\u00fd rok se vyplat\u00ed poznamenat si do zahradnick\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1\u0159e ob\u011b obdob\u00ed \u0159ezu, proto\u017ee \u0161patn\u00e9 na\u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed je jednou z nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edch chyb, kter\u00e9 za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u011bstitel\u00e9 tvarovan\u00fdch ovocn\u00fdch st\u011bn (espalier) d\u011blaj\u00ed. \u0158ez p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 brzy na podzim, ne\u017e strom zcela upadne do klidu, m\u016f\u017ee vyo\u00adlat ra\u0161en\u00ed jemn\u00fdch nov\u00fdch v\u00fdhon\u016f, kter\u00e9 zni\u010d\u00ed prvn\u00ed siln\u00fd mr\u00e1z, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se vypl\u00fdtv\u00e1 energie, kterou si strom pot\u0159eboval ulo\u017eit na jaro. \u0158ez p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 pozd\u011b v l\u00e9t\u011b, pot\u00e9, co se na strom\u011b ji\u017e za\u010daly tvo\u0159it p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed kv\u011btn\u00ed pupeny, m\u016f\u017ee ne\u00famysln\u011b odstranit pr\u00e1v\u011b ten r\u016fst, kter\u00fd jste cht\u011bli podpo\u0159it. Dobr\u00fdm pravidlem je dokon\u010dit zimn\u00ed \u0159ez p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e se pupeny za\u010dnou nal\u00e9vat, a letn\u00ed \u0159ez dokon\u010dit, jakmile nov\u00e9 v\u00fdhony aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed sez\u00f3ny na b\u00e1zi zpevn\u00ed, ale je\u0161t\u011b ne\u017e zcela zd\u0159evnat\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krok 2: Shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bte spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje<\/h3>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Budete pot\u0159ebovat \u010dist\u00e9, ostr\u00e9 zahradn\u00ed n\u016f\u017eky na mal\u00e9 v\u011btve, tesa\u0159sk\u00e9 n\u016f\u017eky na siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed d\u0159evo, pro\u0159ez\u00e1vac\u00ed pilku na star\u0161\u00ed nebo v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u0159ezy a m\u011bkk\u00e9 \u00favazky k upevn\u011bn\u00ed nov\u00e9ho r\u016fstu k op\u011brn\u00e9 konstrukci. N\u00e1stroje mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi \u0159ezy v\u017edy dezinfikujte, zejm\u00e9na pokud m\u00e1te podez\u0159en\u00ed na jak\u00e9koli onemocn\u011bn\u00ed stromu, abyste zabr\u00e1nili \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed infekce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jednoduch\u00fd roztok pro dom\u00e1c\u00ed dezinfekci nebo l\u00e9k\u00e1rensk\u00fd luhovan\u00fd alkohol ot\u0159en\u00fd o \u010depele mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi stromy nebo mezi nemocn\u00fdmi a zdrav\u00fdmi v\u011btvemi t\u00e9ho\u017e stromu obvykle posta\u010duje. Udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed zahradnick\u00fdch n\u016f\u017eek ostr\u00fdch je stejn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 jako jejich udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed v \u010distot\u011b, proto\u017ee tup\u00e1 \u010depel rostlinn\u00e9 pletivo m\u00edsto \u010dist\u00e9ho \u0159ezu rozdrt\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e zanech\u00e1 rozt\u0159epenou r\u00e1nu, kter\u00e1 se hoj\u00ed mnohem pomaleji a l\u00e1k\u00e1 infekci. Mnoho zku\u0161en\u00fdch p\u011bstitel\u016f tvarovan\u00fdch strom\u016f si zvyklo brousit \u010depele p\u0159ed ka\u017ed\u00fdm pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm a pova\u017euje to sp\u00ed\u0161e za sou\u010d\u00e1st procesu ne\u017e za ob\u010dasnou povinnost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krok 3: Identifikujte hlavn\u00ed r\u00e1mec<\/h3>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pod\u00edvejte se na vodorovn\u00e1 patra nebo v\u011bj\u00ed\u0159ovit\u00e9 v\u011btve, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed p\u00e1te\u0159 va\u0161\u00ed tvarovan\u00e9 st\u011bny (espalieru). Tyto hlavn\u00ed v\u011btve by m\u011bly b\u00fdt p\u0159i b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m \u0159ezu ponech\u00e1ny z v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti nedot\u010den\u00e9,s v\u00fdjimkou p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kdy je pot\u0159ebujete d\u00e1le prot\u00e1hnout pod\u00e9l dr\u00e1tu nebo m\u0159\u00ed\u017ee.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u0159ed ka\u017ed\u00fdm st\u0159\u00edh\u00e1n\u00edm si ud\u011blejte chvilku \u010dasu, odstupte a pod\u00edvejte se na cel\u00fd strom z d\u00e1lky. P\u0159i pr\u00e1ci zbl\u00edzka se zahradnick\u00fdmi n\u016f\u017ekami v ruce je snadn\u00e9 ztratit nadhled a odstoupen\u00ed v\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017ee vid\u011bt, zda celkov\u00fd tvar z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fd, zda jedna strana stromu nep\u0159ed\u010d\u00ed druhou a zda n\u011bkter\u00e9 patro nepot\u0159ebuje v t\u00e9to sez\u00f3n\u011b zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pozornost. Mnoho zahradn\u00edk\u016f shled\u00e1v\u00e1 u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fdm strom ka\u017ed\u00fd rok fotografovat ze stejn\u00e9ho \u00fahlu, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vznik\u00e1 jednoduch\u00fd vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1znam o tom, jak se kostra stromu \u010dasem vyv\u00edj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krok 4: Odstra\u0148te ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed r\u016fst<\/h3>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u011bhem zimn\u00edho \u0159ezu odstra\u0148te v\u0161echny v\u011btv\u011b rostouc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo sm\u011brem ke zdi nebo od n\u00ed, v\u0161echny k\u0159\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se v\u011btv\u011b, kter\u00e9 se t\u0159ou o hlavn\u00ed kostru, a ve\u0161ker\u00e9 odum\u0159el\u00e9, po\u0161kozen\u00e9 nebo nemocn\u00e9 d\u0159evo. Prove\u010fte \u010dist\u00fd \u0159ez t\u011bsn\u011b nad pupkem sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00edm ven, abyste podpo\u0159ili zdrav\u00fd nov\u00fd r\u016fst spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm sm\u011brem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bchto \u0159ez\u016f naklo\u0148te \u010depel m\u00edrn\u011b tak, aby voda st\u00e9kala z \u0159ezn\u00e9 plochy sm\u011brem pry\u010d od pupku a nezadr\u017eovala se na n\u011bm, co\u017e pom\u00e1h\u00e1 sn\u00ed\u017eit riziko vzniku hniloby b\u011bhem de\u0161tiv\u00e9ho zimn\u00edho po\u010das\u00ed. Pokud naraz\u00edte na d\u0159evo, kter\u00e9 po \u0159ezu vypad\u00e1 uvnit\u0159 zbarven\u00e9, co\u017e se n\u011bkdy popisuje jako hn\u011bdav\u00e9 nebo \u0161edav\u00e9 \u017eilkov\u00e1n\u00ed v jinak bled\u00e9m d\u0159ev\u011b, pokra\u010dujte v \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u011bt, dokud se nedostanete ke zdrav\u00e9 tk\u00e1ni bez skvrn, proto\u017ee to m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt skor\u00fd p\u0159\u00edznak rakoviny nebo jin\u00e9 houbov\u00e9 choroby, kterou je nutn\u00e9 zcela odstranit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krok 5: Zkra\u0165te bo\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdhony<\/h3>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Postrann\u00ed v\u00fdhony vyr\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00ed z hlavn\u00edch vodorovn\u00fdch v\u011btv\u00ed by m\u011bly b\u00fdt b\u011bhem zimn\u00edho \u0159ezu zkr\u00e1ceny na dva a\u017e t\u0159i pupeny od jejich z\u00e1kladu. To podporuje v\u00fdvoj plodonosn\u00fdch obrost\u016f, co\u017e jsou kr\u00e1tk\u00e9, zavalit\u00e9 v\u00fdr\u016fstky, kter\u00e9 v nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch sez\u00f3n\u00e1ch vytvo\u0159\u00ed kv\u011bty a plody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u011bhem let tento proces prom\u011b\u0148uje jednoduch\u00e9 bo\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdhony v to, \u010demu p\u011bstitel\u00e9 \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed plodonosn\u00fd obrost, co\u017e jsou kompaktn\u00ed shluky plodn\u00e9ho d\u0159eva, kter\u00e9 p\u0159i spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 \u00fadr\u017eb\u011b mohou z\u016fstat produktivn\u00ed deset i v\u00edce let. Stoj\u00ed za zm\u00ednku, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 odr\u016fdy hru\u0161n\u00ed, \u010dasto ozna\u010dovan\u00e9 jako odr\u016fdy plod\u00edc\u00ed na konc\u00edch v\u00fdhon\u016f nam\u00edsto plodonosn\u00e9ho obrostu, tvo\u0159\u00ed plody na \u0161pi\u010dk\u00e1ch v\u00fdhon\u016f m\u00edsto pod\u00e9l obrostu. Pokud si nejste jististi, jak\u00fd typ je v\u00e1\u0161 strom, ov\u011b\u0159te si to ve \u0161kolce, kde jste jej zakoupili, nebo sledujte, kde se na ja\u0159e objevuj\u00ed kv\u011bty, proto\u017ee odr\u016fdy plod\u00edc\u00ed na konc\u00edch v\u00fdhon\u016f vy\u017eaduj\u00ed m\u00edrn\u011b odli\u0161n\u00fd zp\u016fsob \u0159ezu, kter\u00fd ponech\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00edce \u0161pi\u010dek v\u00fdhon\u016f neporu\u0161en\u00fdch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krok 6: Prove\u010fte letn\u00ed \u0159ez<\/h3>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V l\u00e9t\u011b se zam\u011b\u0159te na zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed nov\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edr\u016fstku t\u00e9to sez\u00f3ny na bo\u010dn\u00edch v\u00fdhonech na p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b t\u0159i listy nad baz\u00e1ln\u00edm shlukem. To p\u0159esm\u011bruje energii stromu do produkce ovoce nam\u00edsto nadm\u011brn\u00e9ho r\u016fstu list\u016f a pom\u00e1h\u00e1 to udr\u017eet ploch\u00fd a \u00fahledn\u00fd tvar palis\u00e1dy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Letn\u00ed \u0159ez m\u00e1 rovn\u011b\u017e u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fd vedlej\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek v tom, \u017ee k zraj\u00edc\u00edmu ovoci propou\u0161t\u00ed v\u00edce slune\u010dn\u00edho svitu a proud\u011bn\u00ed vzduchu, co\u017e zlep\u0161uje v\u00fdvoj vybarven\u00ed a sni\u017euje riziko houbov\u00fdch chorob, jako je strupovitost, kter\u00fdm se da\u0159\u00ed ve vlhk\u00fdch a zast\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch. Pokud va\u0161e oblast za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b de\u0161tiv\u00e9 l\u00e9to, zva\u017ete proveden\u00ed lehk\u00e9ho n\u00e1sledn\u00e9ho \u0159ezu n\u011bkolik t\u00fddn\u016f po hlavn\u00edm letn\u00edm \u0159ezu, abyste odstranili ve\u0161ker\u00fd \u010derstv\u00fd oborost, kter\u00fd mohl vyr\u016fst v reakci na d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0159ezy, co\u017e je jev n\u011bkdy naz\u00fdvan\u00fd sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed r\u016fst.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krok 7: Tr\u00e9nink nov\u00e9ho r\u016fstu<\/h3>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u0161echny nov\u00e9 hlavn\u00ed v\u00fdhony, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed prodlou\u017eit vodorovn\u00e1 patra, je t\u0159eba opatrn\u011b p\u0159iv\u00e1zat k op\u011brn\u00fdm dr\u00e1t\u016fm v m\u00edrn\u011b vzestupn\u00e9m \u00fahlu a b\u011bhem n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch t\u00fddn\u016f je pak postupn\u011b sklopit do vodorovn\u00e9 polohy. Tato technika vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159irozen\u00e9 r\u016fstov\u00e9 reakce stromu k podpo\u0159e siln\u00e9ho prodlu\u017eovac\u00edho r\u016fstu, ani\u017e by do\u0161lo k zlomen\u00ed v\u011btv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pou\u017e\u00edvejte m\u011bkk\u00e9, flexibiln\u00ed \u00favazky z gumy nebo l\u00e1tky nam\u00edsto dr\u00e1tu nebo prov\u00e1zku, kter\u00e9 mohou se s\u00edl\u00edc\u00ed k\u016frou b\u011bhem sez\u00f3ny v\u0159\u00edznout do k\u016fry. B\u011bhem vegeta\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed kontrolujte sv\u00e9 \u00favazky ka\u017ed\u00fdch n\u011bkolik t\u00fddn\u016f a uvoln\u011bte v\u0161echny, kter\u00e9 za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed b\u00fdt t\u011bsn\u00e9, proto\u017ee \u00favazek ponechan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 t\u011bsn\u00fd po p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dlouhou dobu m\u016f\u017ee v\u011btev za\u0161krtit a zp\u016fsobit v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 dlouhodob\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00ed. P\u0159i vyvazov\u00e1n\u00ed termin\u00e1ln\u00edho v\u00fdhonu pod\u00e9l dr\u00e1tu jej zajist\u011bte na n\u011bkolika m\u00edstech po cel\u00e9 jeho d\u00e9lce nam\u00edsto pouh\u00e9ho konce, co\u017e rovnom\u011brn\u011b rozlo\u017e\u00ed pnut\u00ed a sni\u017euje riziko zlomen\u00ed v\u011btve ve velk\u00e9m v\u011btru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krok 8: Pro\u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed plodonosn\u00fdch obrost\u016f, je-li to nutn\u00e9<\/h3>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u011bhem n\u011bkolika let m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k p\u0159ehust\u011bn\u00ed plodonosn\u00e9ho obrostu. Pokud si v\u0161imnete nahromad\u011bn\u00fdch shluk\u016f plodn\u00fdch v\u011btvi\u010dek, pro\u0159e\u017ete je b\u011bhem zimn\u00edho \u0159ezu tak, abyste v ka\u017ed\u00e9m shluku ponechali dva a\u017e t\u0159i nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. To zlep\u0161uje cirkulaci vzduchu a vede k v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm a zdrav\u011bj\u0161\u00edm hru\u0161k\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u0159epln\u011bn\u00e9 plodonosn\u00e9 obrosty jsou b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem u star\u0161\u00edch, dob\u0159e zaveden\u00fdch ovocn\u00fdch st\u011bn a jejich n\u00e1prava je p\u0159\u00edmo\u010dar\u00e1, ale vy\u017eaduje pozorn\u00e9 oko. Vyhledejte na ka\u017ed\u00e9m shluku ty nejpln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nejl\u00e9pe tvarovan\u00e9 obrosty, proto\u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b ty s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed p\u0159inesou siln\u00e9 kv\u011bty, a odstra\u0148te ten\u010d\u00ed a slab\u0161\u00ed obrosty, kter\u00e9 rostou vedle nich. Stejn\u00fd princip prob\u00edrky plat\u00ed i pro vyv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00ed se plody samotn\u00e9 koncem jara: pokud obrost nasad\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e dv\u011b nebo t\u0159i hru\u0161ky, prob\u00edrka shluku na jeden a\u017e dva nejl\u00e9pe tvarovan\u00e9 plody povede k znateln\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm hru\u0161k\u00e1m p\u0159i sklizni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krok 9: Pohnojte strom po pro\u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed je pro ka\u017ed\u00fd strom stresuj\u00edc\u00ed a hru\u0161e\u0148 p\u011bstovan\u00e1 ve tvaru espalieru nen\u00ed v\u00fdjimkou. Ihned po zimn\u00edm pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed aplikujte kolem kmene stromu 25 kg hnojiva pro jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b Ferber Painting, a to v d\u00e1vk\u00e1ch uveden\u00fdch na obalu. T\u00edm dopln\u00edte \u017eiviny spot\u0159ebovan\u00e9 b\u011bhem hojen\u00ed ran a podpo\u0159\u00edte siln\u00e9 ra\u0161en\u00ed pupen\u016f na ja\u0159e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u0159i hnojen\u00ed hnojivo rovnom\u011brn\u011b rozprost\u0159ete v kruhu kolem stromu, za\u010dn\u011bte v mal\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti od kmene a pokra\u010dujte p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b k okraji koruny, proto\u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b zde se obvykle nach\u00e1z\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161ina aktivn\u00edch p\u0159ij\u00edmac\u00edch ko\u0159en\u016f. Po aplikaci oblast vydatn\u011b zalijte, zejm\u00e9na pokud se v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch dnech neo\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 d\u00e9\u0161\u0165, proto\u017ee to pom\u016f\u017ee dostat \u017eiviny do ko\u0159enov\u00e9 z\u00f3ny, kde mohou b\u00fdt absorbov\u00e1ny. Lehk\u00e1 vrstva mul\u010de nanesen\u00e1 na pohnojenou plochu m\u016f\u017ee pomoci udr\u017eet vlhkost v p\u016fd\u011b a d\u00e1le podpo\u0159it rovnom\u011brn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem \u017eivin v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch t\u00fddnech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u00e9\u010de po \u0159ezu: V\u00fd\u017eiva hru\u0161n\u011b po pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Spr\u00e1vn\u00fd \u0159ez je jen polovina \u00fasp\u011bchu. Tou druhou polovinou je zajistit, aby va\u0161e hru\u0161e\u0148 p\u011bstovan\u00e1 jako espalier m\u011bla v\u0161e, co pot\u0159ebuje k zotaven\u00ed a prosperit\u011b po ka\u017ed\u00e9m \u0159ezu. Pr\u00e1v\u011b zde mnoho dom\u00e1c\u00edch zahradn\u00edk\u016f chybuje: investuj\u00ed \u010das a \u00fasil\u00ed do dokonal\u00fdch \u0159ez\u016f a pe\u010dliv\u00e9ho tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed, a pak pou\u017eij\u00ed levn\u00e9, univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed hnojivo, kter\u00e9 nedod\u00e1 ovocn\u00fdm strom\u016fm specifick\u00e9 \u017eiviny, je\u017e pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hnojivo Ferber Painting pro jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b (25 kg) bylo vyvinuto pr\u00e1v\u011b k \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed tohoto probl\u00e9mu. D\u00edky slo\u017een\u00ed s pomal\u00fdm uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm dost\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00e1\u0161 strom po cel\u00e9 t\u00fddny st\u00e1l\u00fd p\u0159\u00edsun \u017eivin, nam\u00edsto po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edho n\u00e1razov\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edsunu, po kter\u00e9m by n\u00e1sledoval nedostatek \u017eivin. Tento rovnom\u011brn\u00fd zp\u016fsob v\u00fd\u017eivy je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd pro stromy p\u011bstovan\u00e9 v espalieru, proto\u017ee jejich omezen\u00fd r\u016fstov\u00fd habitus vy\u017eaduje, aby ka\u017ed\u00e1 unce energie sm\u011b\u0159ovala p\u0159esn\u011b tam, kde je to nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u2013 k hojen\u00ed ran po pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, k rozvoji plodn\u00fdch v\u00fdhonk\u016f a k tvorb\u011b siln\u00fdch, spr\u00e1vn\u011b um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fdch nov\u00fdch v\u00fdhonk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hnojen\u00ed u hru\u0161\u0148ov\u00fdch tvarovan\u00fdch st\u011bn doporu\u010dujeme prov\u00e1d\u011bt dvakr\u00e1t ro\u010dn\u011b: jednou koncem zimy t\u011bsn\u011b po hlavn\u00edm tvarovac\u00edm \u0159ezu a jednou za\u010d\u00e1tkem l\u00e9ta na podporu v\u00fdvoje plod\u016f a zotaven\u00ed po letn\u00edm \u0159ezu. Proto\u017ee se produkt dod\u00e1v\u00e1 ve velk\u00e9m 25kg balen\u00ed, jeden n\u00e1kup obvykle sta\u010d\u00ed na celou sez\u00f3nu pro v\u00edce strom\u016f, co\u017e z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed praktickou a ekonomickou volbu pro dom\u00e1c\u00ed zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159e i majitele men\u0161\u00edch sad\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Krom\u011b hnojiva zahrnuje b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de tak\u00e9 pravidelnou z\u00e1livku, zejm\u00e9na b\u011bhem prvn\u00edch n\u011bkolika let, kdy si strom st\u00e1le vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed ko\u0159enov\u00fd syst\u00e9m, a znovu b\u011bhem jak\u00e9hokoli obdob\u00ed sucha v pr\u016fb\u011bhu vegeta\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed. Stromy p\u011bstovan\u00e9 jako espalier vysazen\u00e9 u z\u00eddek jsou obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b n\u00e1chyln\u00e9 k vysych\u00e1n\u00ed, proto\u017ee z\u00eddky mohou vytv\u00e1\u0159et sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fd st\u00edn, kter\u00fd chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fdu pod korunou p\u0159ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmi sr\u00e1\u017ekami. Kontrola vlhkosti p\u016fdy pomoc\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9ho testu prstem n\u011bkolik centimetr\u016f hluboko a vydatn\u00e1 z\u00e1livka, kdy\u017e je p\u016fda such\u00e1, pomohou zajistit, \u017ee hnojivo, kter\u00e9 aplikujete, skute\u010dn\u011b dos\u00e1hne ke ko\u0159en\u016fm a vy\u017eivuje je, nam\u00edsto toho, aby z\u016fst\u00e1valo v such\u00e9 p\u016fd\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u011bhem vegeta\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed se vyplat\u00ed sledovat tak\u00e9 b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 \u0161k\u016fdce a choroby hru\u0161n\u00ed, proto\u017ee strom zotavuj\u00edc\u00ed se po \u0159ezu je o n\u011bco raniteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, dokud se nov\u00e9 r\u00e1ny hoj\u00ed. Strupovitost hru\u0161\u0148ov\u00e1, sp\u00e1la r\u016f\u017eovokv\u011bt\u00fdch a bejlomorka hru\u0161\u0148ov\u00e1 pat\u0159\u00ed k \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9m\u016fm, se kter\u00fdmi se p\u011bstitel\u00e9 setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e v\u010dasn\u00e9 odhalen\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm pravideln\u00e9 kontroly \u010din\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbu mnohem \u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e \u010dek\u00e1n\u00ed, a\u017e se p\u0159\u00edznaky roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed. Dob\u0159e vy\u017eiven\u00fd strom, podpo\u0159en\u00fd vyv\u00e1\u017eenou v\u00fd\u017eivou v na\u0161em hnojivu, je v\u016f\u010di t\u011bmto vliv\u016fm p\u0159irozen\u011b odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ale \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed dobr\u00e9 v\u00fd\u017eivy nenahrad\u00ed hodnotu toho, kdy\u017e kolem sv\u00e9ho stromu pravideln\u011b proch\u00e1z\u00edte a zbl\u00edzka si prohl\u00ed\u017e\u00edte jeho listy, k\u016fru a vyv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00ed se plody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Objedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed je jednoduch\u00e9. Produkt je k dispozici p\u0159\u00edmo na na\u0161ich webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch, platba prob\u00edh\u00e1 bezpe\u010dn\u011b online b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika kliknut\u00ed a d\u00edky na\u0161\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed s\u00edti p\u0159epravc\u016f doraz\u00ed doru\u010den\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b rychle a spolehliv\u011b. A pokud produkt z n\u011bjak\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu nespln\u00ed va\u0161e o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, na\u0161e z\u00e1ruka spokojenosti nebo vr\u00e1cen\u00ed pen\u011bz znamen\u00e1, \u017ee ho m\u016f\u017eete bez probl\u00e9m\u016f vr\u00e1tit. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd konkurent v t\u00e9to oblasti nenab\u00edz\u00ed stejnou m\u00edru d\u016fv\u011bry ve sv\u016fj produkt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010cast\u00e9 chyby, kter\u00fdm je t\u0159eba se vyhnout p\u0159i \u0159ezu tvarovan\u00fdch hru\u0161n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I dokonce i zku\u0161en\u00ed zahradn\u00edci ob\u010das spadnou do n\u011bkolika p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00fdch past\u00ed p\u0159i \u00fadr\u017eb\u011b tvarovan\u00e9 hru\u0161n\u011b. V\u011bdom\u00ed t\u011bchto \u010dast\u00fdch chyb p\u0159edem v\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee u\u0161et\u0159it sez\u00f3nu nebo v\u00edce nezdar\u016f. Jednou z \u010dast\u00fdch chyb je nadm\u011brn\u00fd \u0159ez v jedin\u00e9 sez\u00f3n\u011b z nad\u0161en\u00ed nebo netrp\u011blivosti, kdy se odstran\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho d\u0159eva najednou a strom utrp\u00ed \u0161ok, co\u017e vede k produkci nadm\u011brn\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed bujn\u00fdch, neplodn\u00fdch svisl\u00fdch v\u00fdhon\u016f zn\u00e1m\u00fdch jako vlky. Obvykle je lep\u0161\u00ed st\u0159\u00eddat st\u0159\u00eddm\u011bji a v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby prov\u00e9st druh\u00e9, leh\u010d\u00ed zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed pozd\u011bji, ne\u017e odstranit p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho materi\u00e1lu najednou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dastou chybou je \u00fapln\u00e9 zanedb\u00e1n\u00ed letn\u00edho pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a spol\u00e9h\u00e1n\u00ed se pouze na zimn\u00ed pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Bez letn\u00ed \u00fadr\u017eby rostou postrann\u00ed v\u00fdhonky po celou sez\u00f3nu bez omezen\u00ed, zast\u00ed\u0148uj\u00ed plodov\u00e9 v\u00fdhonky pod nimi a sni\u017euj\u00ed jak kvalitu plod\u016f, tak potenci\u00e1l kveten\u00ed v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edm roce. S t\u00edm souvis\u00ed i vynech\u00e1n\u00ed hnojen\u00ed, proto\u017ee strom, kter\u00fd byl v zim\u011b siln\u011b pro\u0159ez\u00e1n a n\u00e1sledn\u011b nedostate\u010dn\u011b hnojen, bude m\u00edt pot\u00ed\u017ee s vytvo\u0159en\u00edm siln\u00fdch nov\u00fdch v\u00fdhonk\u016f pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch k vypln\u011bn\u00ed m\u0159\u00ed\u017eov\u00ed, a pr\u00e1v\u011b proto m\u00e1 kombinace va\u0161eho pl\u00e1nu pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed s pravideln\u00fdm hnojen\u00edm hnojivem pro jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b 25 kg od Ferber Painting tak m\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fd vliv na v\u00fdsledky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jak \u010dasto bych m\u011bl\/a pro\u0159ez\u00e1vat tvarovanou hru\u0161e\u0148 (espalier)?<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tvarovan\u00e9 hru\u0161n\u011b obvykle vy\u017eaduj\u00ed \u0159ez dvakr\u00e1t ro\u010dn\u011b: struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed zimn\u00ed \u0159ez, kdy\u017e je strom v klidu, a letn\u00ed \u0159ez pro zvl\u00e1dnut\u00ed nov\u00e9ho r\u016fstu a podporu plodonosn\u00e9ho obrostu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jak\u00e9 je nejlep\u0161\u00ed hnojivo pro hru\u0161e\u0148 vedenou v espalieru?<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hnojivo pro jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b 25 kg od spole\u010dnosti Ferber Painting je speci\u00e1ln\u011b vyvinuto pro jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b; jedn\u00e1 se o sm\u011bs s pomal\u00fdm uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm obohacenou o v\u00e1pn\u00edk a b\u00f3r a je to jedin\u00fd produkt ve sv\u00e9 kategorii, na kter\u00fd se vztahuje z\u00e1ruka \u201espokojenost nebo vr\u00e1cen\u00ed pen\u011bz\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mohnu pro\u0159ezat tvarovanou hru\u0161e\u0148 v nespr\u00e1vnou ro\u010dn\u00ed dobu?<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v nevhodnou dobu m\u016f\u017ee strom stresovat, sn\u00ed\u017eit \u00farodu ovoce nebo vyvolat nadm\u011brn\u00fd vegetativn\u00ed r\u016fst nam\u00edsto plodnosti. Pro dosa\u017een\u00ed nejlep\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdsledk\u016f se dr\u017ete struktur\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0159ezu v obdob\u00ed klidu a udr\u017eovac\u00edho \u0159ezu v polovin\u011b a\u017e koncem l\u00e9ta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pot\u0159ebuji speci\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed pro \u0159ez tvarovan\u00fdch ovocn\u00fdch st\u011bn (espalier)?<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ano, \u010dist\u00e9 zahradnick\u00e9 n\u016f\u017eky na v\u011btv\u00ed, n\u016f\u017eky na siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u011btve, pilka na pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a m\u011bkk\u00e9 \u00favazky pro tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00e9ho r\u016fstu jsou pro spr\u00e1vnou \u00fadr\u017ebu ovocn\u00fdch st\u011bn nezbytn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jak dlouho trv\u00e1 pln\u00e9 vytvarov\u00e1n\u00ed hru\u0161n\u011b ve tvaru palety?<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V z\u00e1vislosti na zvolen\u00e9m tvaru a rychlosti r\u016fstu stromu trv\u00e1 \u00fapln\u00e9 tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed obvykle t\u0159i a\u017e \u0161est let, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 v\u00fd\u017eiva a \u0159ez tento proces zna\u010dn\u011b urychluj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Je hnojivo Ferber Painting vhodn\u00e9 i pro jin\u00e9 ovocn\u00e9 stromy?<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zat\u00edmco je optimalizovan\u00e9 pro jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b, jeho vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed prosp\u00edv\u00e1 tak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00edm j\u00e1drovin\u00e1m s podobn\u00fdmi nutri\u010dn\u00edmi n\u00e1roky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ovocn\u00e9 st\u011bny (espalier) hru\u0161n\u011b je dovednost, kter\u00e1 kombinuje trp\u011blivost, p\u0159esnost a hlubok\u00e9 porozum\u011bn\u00ed r\u016fstov\u00fdm n\u00e1vyk\u016fm stromu, ale \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 toto \u00fasil\u00ed se nevyplat\u00ed bez spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kladu. Dob\u0159e vy\u017eiven\u00fd strom se rychleji hoj\u00ed, vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhonky na spr\u00e1vn\u00fdch m\u00edstech a odm\u011bn\u00ed v\u00e1s kr\u00e1sn\u00fdm, plodn\u00fdm tvarem ovocn\u00e9 st\u011bny po mnoho nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch let. Proto je v\u00fdb\u011br spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho hnojen\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b prvn\u00edm krokem, dlouho p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e provedete prvn\u00ed \u0159ez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A\u0165 u\u017e pr\u00e1v\u011b za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1te v\u00e9st sv\u00e9 prvn\u00ed kordonov\u00e9 tvaroh pod\u00e9l zahradn\u00edho plotu, nebo udr\u017eujete vzrostl\u00fd v\u00edcepatrov\u00fd espalier, kter\u00fd ji\u017e desetilet\u00ed plod\u00ed, rok co rok plat\u00ed stejn\u00e1 z\u00e1sada: p\u0159esn\u00fd \u0159ez spojen\u00fd s d\u016fslednou a kvalitn\u00ed v\u00fd\u017eivou je to, co odli\u0161uje str\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed okrasn\u00fd strom od prosperuj\u00edc\u00edho a plodn\u00e9ho. V\u011bnujte \u010das pozn\u00e1n\u00ed tvaru sv\u00e9ho stromu, pro\u0159ez\u00e1vejte jej rad\u011bji s \u00famyslem ne\u017e ve sp\u011bchu a spr\u00e1vn\u011b jej p\u0159ihnojujte ve spr\u00e1vn\u00fdch okam\u017eic\u00edch jeho ro\u010dn\u00edho cyklu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/cz\/products\/apple-and-pear-tree-fertilizer\/\">Objednejte si hnojivo na jablo\u0148 a hru\u0161e\u0148 25 kg je\u0161t\u011b dnes a dop\u0159ejte sv\u00e9 hazardn\u00ed hru\u0161ni prov\u011b\u0159enou a zaru\u010denou v\u00fd\u017eivu, jakou si zaslou\u017e\u00ed.<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pruning an espalier pear tree is one of the most rewarding tasks a gardener can undertake, but success starts long before you pick up your shears. Everything depends on the health of your tree, and that health depends almost entirely on the quality of the fertilizer you use throughout the growing season. Before we walk [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":283404,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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