{"id":283385,"date":"2026-08-31T00:23:17","date_gmt":"2026-08-30T21:23:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/ie\/blog\/how-to-prune-an-espalier-apple-tree-the-complete-guide\/"},"modified":"2026-08-31T00:23:17","modified_gmt":"2026-08-30T21:23:17","slug":"how-to-prune-an-espalier-apple-tree-the-complete-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/cz\/blog\/how-to-prune-an-espalier-apple-tree-the-complete-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak pro\u0159ezat ovocn\u00fd strom tvarovan\u00fd na ro\u0161tu: Kompletn\u00ed pr\u016fvodce"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed ovocn\u00e9ho stromu ve tvaru espalier (st\u011bnov\u00e9ho tvaru) je jedn\u00edm z nejvd\u011b\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch projekt\u016f, do kter\u00fdch se m\u016f\u017ee zahradn\u00edk pustit. Tato stalet\u00e1 technika prom\u011b\u0148uje oby\u010dejnou jablo\u0148 v \u017eivou sochu tvarovanou naplocho ke zdi, plotu nebo m\u0159\u00ed\u017ei, kter\u00e1 plod\u00ed hojnost ovoce a z\u00e1rove\u0148 \u0161et\u0159\u00ed drahocenn\u00e9 zahradn\u00ed m\u00edsto. Ne\u017e se v\u0161ak pono\u0159\u00edme do pro\u0159ez\u00e1vac\u00edch technik, kter\u00e9 v\u00e1m pomohou tuto um\u011bleckou formu zvl\u00e1dnout, existuje jeden kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd faktor, kter\u00fd ur\u010duje, zda va\u0161e espalierov\u00e1 jablo\u0148 bude prosp\u00edvat, nebo jen p\u0159e\u017e\u00edvat: kvalita hnojiva, kter\u00e9 pou\u017eijete.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u0161echno za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm produktem. Spr\u00e1vn\u011b vy\u017eivovan\u00fd strom l\u00e9pe reaguje na pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, rychleji se zotavuje z \u0159ez\u016f a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u011btve, kter\u00e9 se sn\u00e1ze tvaruj\u00ed do elegantn\u00edch vodorovn\u00fdch vzor\u016f, jak\u00e9 vy\u017eaduje p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed ve \u0161pal\u00edrov\u00e9m stylu. Proto d\u016frazn\u011b doporu\u010dujeme hnojivo pro jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b 25 kg od firmy Ferber Painting. Na rozd\u00edl od v\u011bt\u0161iny hnojiv na trhu je n\u00e1\u0161 produkt jedin\u00fd, na kter\u00fd se vztahuje z\u00e1ruka pln\u00e9 spokojenosti nebo vr\u00e1cen\u00ed pen\u011bz, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee jej m\u016f\u017eete vyzkou\u0161et zcela bez rizika. Pokud nebudete s v\u00fdsledky spokojeni, vr\u00e1t\u00edme v\u00e1m pen\u00edze bez jak\u00fdchkoli dotaz\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nad r\u00e1mec z\u00e1ruky bylo na\u0161e hnojivo speci\u00e1ln\u011b vyvinuto pro jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e bere v \u00favahu jejich jedine\u010dn\u00e9 nutri\u010dn\u00ed pot\u0159eby b\u011bhem r\u016fzn\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00ed r\u016fstu, co\u017e generick\u00e1 univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed hnojiva jednodu\u0161e nemohou nab\u00eddnout. Mnoho konkuren\u010dn\u00edch produkt\u016f je na\u0159ed\u011bno plnivy, kter\u00e1 sni\u017euj\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnost, zat\u00edmco na\u0161e slo\u017een\u00ed je koncentrovan\u00e9 a navr\u017een\u00e9 tak, aby dod\u00e1valo \u017eiviny p\u0159\u00edmo do ko\u0159enov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu tam, kde jsou nejv\u00edce pot\u0159eba. To se projevuje zdrav\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi stromy, lep\u0161\u00edmi v\u00fdnosy ovoce a v\u011btvemi dostate\u010dn\u011b siln\u00fdmi, aby unesly slo\u017eit\u00e9 tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 si vy\u017eaduje \u0159ez na st\u011bnu (espalier).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed ovocn\u00fdch st\u011bn neboli espalieru nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd nov\u00fd vyn\u00e1lez. Mni\u0161i ve st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e9 Evrop\u011b tuto metodu vyvinuli p\u0159ed stalet\u00edmi, kdy tvarovali ovocn\u00e9 stromy k zdem kl\u00e1\u0161ter\u016f, aby maximalizovali teplo, chr\u00e1nili kv\u011bty p\u0159ed mrazem a co nejl\u00e9pe vyu\u017eili omezen\u00fd prostor pro p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed v rajsk\u00fdch zahrad\u00e1ch kl\u00e1\u0161ter\u016f. Dnes tuto tradici znovu objevuj\u00ed zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159i po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, a to nejen proto, \u017ee kr\u00e1sn\u011b vypad\u00e1, ale hlavn\u011b proto, \u017ee skute\u010dn\u011b plod\u00ed v\u00edce ovoce na metr \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00ed ne\u017e voln\u011b stoj\u00edc\u00ed strom. Dob\u0159e tvarovan\u00e1 jablo\u0148 p\u011bstovan\u00e1 jako espalier u ji\u017en\u00ed zdi m\u016f\u017ee t\u011b\u017eit z odra\u017een\u00e9ho tepla, prodlou\u017een\u00e9 doby zr\u00e1n\u00ed a snaz\u0161\u00ed sklizn\u011b, proto\u017ee ovoce roste na dosah ruky v konzistentn\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161ce. V\u0161echny tyto v\u00fdhody v\u0161ak z\u00e1vis\u00ed na tom, zda m\u00e1 strom dostatek z\u00e1soben\u00e9 energie a \u017eivin na podporu netradi\u010dn\u00edho r\u016fstov\u00e9ho vzorce, kter\u00fd po n\u011bm vy\u017eadujete, co\u017e n\u00e1s p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u00ed zp\u011bt k v\u00fdznamu spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 v\u00fd\u017eivy stromu od prvn\u00edho dne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pro\u010d to prav\u00e9 hnojivo d\u011bl\u00e1 u tvarovan\u00fdch strom\u016f (espalier) takov\u00fd rozd\u00edl<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0158ez ve tvaru palis\u00e1dy je jemnou rovnov\u00e1hou mezi um\u011bn\u00edm a zahradnickou v\u011bdou. V podstat\u011b nut\u00edte strom, aby rostl zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd je pro jeho p\u0159irozen\u00fd r\u016fst nep\u0159irozen\u00fd, co\u017e rostlin\u011b vystavuje dodate\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ei. Stromu, kter\u00e9mu chyb\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 v\u00fd\u017eiva, bude d\u011blat pot\u00ed\u017ee zotavit se z \u010dast\u00fdch \u0159ez\u016f nutn\u00fdch p\u0159i tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed palis\u00e1d, co\u017e vede k slab\u00e9mu r\u016fstu, n\u00e1chylnosti k nemocem a \u0161patn\u00e9 produkci ovoce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto je tak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zvolit hnojivo pro jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b 25 kg od spole\u010dnosti Ferber Painting je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e v\u016fbec vezmete do ruky zahradnick\u00e9 n\u016f\u017eky. Na\u0161e hnojivo obsahuje vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fd pom\u011br dus\u00edku, fosforu a drasl\u00edku spolu s nezbytn\u00fdmi mikro\u017eivinami, jako je v\u00e1pn\u00edk, ho\u0159\u010d\u00edk a b\u00f3r, kter\u00e9 v\u0161echny hraj\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v pevnosti bun\u011b\u010dn\u00fdch st\u011bn a hojen\u00ed ran po pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dus\u00edk podporuje vegetativn\u00ed r\u016fst pot\u0159ebn\u00fd k tvorb\u011b dlouh\u00fdch, ohebn\u00fdch v\u00fdhon\u016f, kter\u00e9 zahradn\u00edci oh\u00fdbaj\u00ed do vodorovn\u00fdch pater, av\u0161ak p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho dus\u00edku bez rovnov\u00e1hy s fosforem a drasl\u00edkem m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k m\u011bkk\u00e9mu, vodnat\u00e9mu r\u016fstu, kter\u00fd se sp\u00ed\u0161e zlom\u00ed, ne\u017e ohne. Fosfor podporuje siln\u00fd rozvoj ko\u0159en\u016f, kter\u00e9 strom ukotvuj\u00ed a umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed mu \u010derpat vodu a \u017eiviny pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k podpo\u0159e nov\u00e9ho r\u016fstu po ka\u017ed\u00e9m \u0159ezu. Drasl\u00edk, \u010dasto nedocen\u011bn\u00fd, je nezbytn\u00fd pro kvalitu plod\u016f, v\u00fdvoj chuti a celkovou odolnost v\u016f\u010di chorob\u00e1m, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee strom, kter\u00fd dost\u00e1v\u00e1 dostatek drasl\u00edku, mnohem m\u00e9n\u011b podl\u00e9h\u00e1 houbov\u00fdm infekc\u00edm, je\u017e \u010dasto pronikaj\u00ed \u010derstv\u00fdmi ranami po \u0159ezu. V\u00e1pn\u00edk posiluje bu\u0148kov\u00e9 st\u011bny v cel\u00e9 rostlin\u011b, \u010d\u00edm\u017e \u010din\u00ed pletiva odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u016f\u010di zlomen\u00ed b\u011bhem fyzick\u00e9ho oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed a vyvazov\u00e1n\u00ed nutn\u00e9ho p\u0159i tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed palmet. Ho\u0159\u010d\u00edk je kl\u00ed\u010dovou slo\u017ekou chlorofylu, tak\u017ee jeho nedostatek se projevuje bled\u00fdm, slab\u00fdm listovem, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 pot\u00ed\u017ee s fotosynt\u00e9zou dostate\u010dn\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed energie na podporu bujn\u00e9ho obhojen\u00ed. B\u00f3r, a\u010dkoliv je pot\u0159ebn\u00fd jen v mal\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed, hraje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli p\u0159i d\u011blen\u00ed bun\u011bk a zdrav\u00e9m v\u00fdvoji nov\u00fdch \u0161pi\u010dek v\u00fdhon\u016f, tedy p\u0159esn\u011b v oblastech, kter\u00e9 jsou nejv\u00edce zasa\u017eeny neust\u00e1l\u00fdm za\u0161tipov\u00e1n\u00edm a \u0159ezem spojen\u00fdm s \u00fadr\u017ebou palmet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zde je srovn\u00e1vac\u00ed tabulka ukazuj\u00edc\u00ed, jak si n\u00e1\u0161 produkt stoj\u00ed v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s b\u011b\u017en\u00fdmi hnojivy dostupn\u00fdmi na trhu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table>\n<tr>\n<th>Krit\u00e9ria<\/th>\n<th>Ferber Painting Hnojivo pro jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b, 25 kg<\/th>\n<th>Nezna\u010dkov\u00e1 hnojiva<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Z\u00e1ruka spokojenosti<\/td>\n<td>Ano, pln\u00e1 z\u00e1ruka vr\u00e1cen\u00ed pen\u011bz<\/td>\n<td>Vz\u00e1cn\u011b nab\u00edzen\u00e9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Formulov\u00e1no speci\u00e1ln\u011b pro jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b<\/td>\n<td>Ano<\/td>\n<td>\u010casto univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed, nespecializovan\u00fd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Celosv\u011btov\u00e9 doru\u010den\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>Rychl\u00e9 dod\u00e1n\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b p\u0159epravc\u016f<\/td>\n<td>\u010casto omezeno na m\u00edstn\u00ed regiony<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Snadnost online n\u00e1kupu<\/td>\n<td>Jednoduch\u00e1 online platba<\/td>\n<td>R\u016fzn\u00e9, n\u011bkdy slo\u017eit\u00e9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Velikost balen\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>25 kg, ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro v\u00edce strom\u016f<\/td>\n<td>\u010casto men\u0161\u00ed, vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00ed opakovan\u00e9 n\u00e1kupy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Koncentrace \u017eivin<\/td>\n<td>Vysok\u00e1 koncentrace, minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed plniv<\/td>\n<td>\u010casto \u0159ed\u011bno plnidly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jak vid\u00edte, v\u00fdhody v\u00fdb\u011bru modelu Ferber Painting zdaleka p\u0159esahuj\u00ed r\u00e1mec samotn\u00e9ho produktu. Kombinace kvality, z\u00e1ruky a pohodln\u00e9ho n\u00e1kupn\u00edho z\u00e1\u017eitku z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed jasnou volbu pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, kdo to s p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00edm zdrav\u00e9 jablon\u011b ve tvaru espalieru mysl\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Stoj\u00ed za zm\u00ednku, \u017ee 25kg balen\u00ed je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b l\u00e1kav\u00e9 pro zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159e, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u011bstuj\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e jeden ovocn\u00fd strom nebo se vedle tvarovan\u00fdch strom\u016f na dr\u00e1t\u011bnce staraj\u00ed o men\u0161\u00ed sad. Nam\u00edsto opakovan\u00e9ho n\u00e1kupu mal\u00fdch pytl\u016f, kter\u00e9 dojdou pr\u00e1v\u011b ve chv\u00edli, kdy va\u0161e stromy vstupuj\u00ed do f\u00e1ze nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed spot\u0159eby \u017eivin, poskytuje jedin\u00fd 25kg pytel dostatek hnojiva pro z\u00e1soben\u00ed n\u011bkolika strom\u016f po celou sez\u00f3nu, nebo dokonce na n\u011bkolik sez\u00f3n v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jednoho tvarovan\u00e9ho stromu, v z\u00e1vislosti na d\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed. To nejen\u017ee \u010dasem \u0161et\u0159\u00ed pen\u00edze, ale tak\u00e9 zaji\u0161\u0165uje konzistenci, proto\u017ee p\u0159ech\u00e1zen\u00ed mezi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zna\u010dkami hnojiv uprost\u0159ed vegeta\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee n\u011bkdy zp\u016fsobit nerovnom\u011brn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem \u017eivin a nekonzistentn\u00ed r\u016fstov\u00e9 vzorce, co\u017e je to posledn\u00ed, co chcete p\u0159i snaze udr\u017eet symetrick\u00fd tvar tvarovan\u00e9ho stromu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pochopen\u00ed z\u00e1klad\u016f \u0159ezu v tvarech (espalier)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ne\u017e vezmete do ruky n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed, je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 pochopit, co \u0159ez ve tvaru espalieru (tvarovan\u00e9 st\u011bny) vlastn\u011b obn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed. C\u00edlem je tvarovat strom do ploch\u00e9ho, dvourozm\u011brn\u00e9ho tvaru, obvykle proti zdi, plotu nebo dr\u00e1t\u011bn\u00e9 opo\u0159e. Mezi b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 tvary pat\u0159\u00ed horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed kordon, v\u011bj\u00ed\u0159ovit\u00e9 tvary a kandel\u00e1bry, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed patrov\u00fd tvar z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 u jablon\u00ed nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kv\u016fli sv\u00e9 jednoduchosti a produktivit\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed do tvaru espalieru obvykle za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1, kdy\u017e je strom mlad\u00fd, v ide\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jako jednolet\u00fd proutek bez bo\u010dn\u00edch v\u011btv\u00ed, zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako panensk\u00fd stromek. Odtud zahradn\u00edk vyb\u00edr\u00e1 a tvaruje v\u011btve b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika let, aby vytvo\u0159il po\u017eadovan\u00fd tvar, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e odstra\u0148uje jak\u00fdkoli r\u016fst, kter\u00fd neodpov\u00edd\u00e1 vzoru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pohnojen\u00ed stromu hnojivem na jablo\u0148 a hru\u0161e\u0148 25 kg p\u0159ed za\u010d\u00e1tkem vegeta\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed zajist\u00ed, \u017ee v\u00e1\u0161 strom bude m\u00edt energetick\u00e9 z\u00e1soby pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed bujn\u00e9ho nov\u00e9ho r\u016fstu nutn\u00e9ho pro tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed. Nedostate\u010dn\u011b vy\u017eiven\u00e9 stromy \u010dasto vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed slab\u00e9, tenk\u00e9 v\u00fdhony, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159i oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed do po\u017eadovan\u00e9 polohy snadno l\u00e1mou, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se ma\u0159\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edce pe\u010dliv\u00e9ho tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00fdb\u011br spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 podno\u017ee a odr\u016fdy rovn\u011b\u017e hraje roli p\u0159i \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9m p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed tvarovan\u00fdch ovocn\u00fdch st\u011bn (espalier), a je to rozhodnut\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by m\u011blo padnout je\u0161t\u011b d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e se v\u016fbec za\u010dne mluvit o v\u00fd\u017eiv\u011b. Zakrsl\u00e9 podno\u017ee, jako je M9 nebo M26, se pro jablon\u011b p\u011bstovan\u00e9 v m\u0159\u00ed\u017eov\u00ed obecn\u011b up\u0159ednost\u0148uj\u00ed, proto\u017ee p\u0159irozen\u011b omezuj\u00ed celkovou bujnost r\u016fstu, co\u017e usnad\u0148uje \u00fadr\u017ebu stromu v omezen\u00e9m, ploch\u00e9m tvaru. Polobujn\u00e9 podno\u017ee mohou tak\u00e9 fungovat, ale vy\u017eaduj\u00ed \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed letn\u00ed \u0159ez, aby se r\u016fst udr\u017eel pod kontrolou. Pokud jde o odr\u016fdy jablon\u00ed, ty, kter\u00e9 jsou zn\u00e1m\u00e9 snadnou tvorbou plodonosn\u00e9ho obrostu (tzv. odr\u016fdy plod\u00edc\u00ed na kr\u00e1tk\u00e9m d\u0159ev\u011b), m\u00edvaj\u00ed tendenci se tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed do m\u0159\u00ed\u017eov\u00ed p\u0159izp\u016fsobit sn\u00e1ze ne\u017e odr\u016fdy plod\u00edc\u00ed na konc\u00edch v\u00fdhon\u016f, kter\u00e9 p\u0159irozen\u011b cht\u011bj\u00ed plodit na konc\u00edch dlouh\u00fdch letorost\u016f nam\u00edsto d\u00e9lky v\u011btve. Mezi obl\u00edben\u00e9 odr\u016fdy plod\u00edc\u00ed na kr\u00e1tk\u00e9m obrostu, kter\u00e9 se hod\u00ed pro tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed, pat\u0159\u00ed mnoho klasick\u00fdch stoln\u00edch i va\u0159idlov\u00fdch kultivar\u016f jablek a zku\u0161en\u00e1 m\u00edstn\u00ed \u0161kolka v\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee pomoci vybrat odr\u016fdu dob\u0159e p\u0159izp\u016fsobenou va\u0161emu klimatu a zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00e9mu pou\u017eit\u00ed, a\u0165 u\u017e jde o p\u0159\u00edmou konzumaci, va\u0159en\u00ed nebo v\u00fdrobu mo\u0161tu \u010di cideru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Podp\u016frn\u00e9 konstrukce si zaslou\u017e\u00ed stejnou pozornost. V\u011bt\u0161ina zahradn\u00edk\u016f instaluje vodorovn\u00e9 dr\u00e1ty rozm\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9 v intervalech odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edch zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00e9mu rozestupu jednotliv\u00fdch pater, obvykle ukotven\u00e9 k pevn\u00fdm sloup\u016fm nebo p\u0159ipevn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edmo ke zdi pomoc\u00ed skob a nap\u00edn\u00e1k\u016f, kter\u00e9 dr\u017e\u00ed dr\u00e1ty napnut\u00e9. Na napnut\u00ed dr\u00e1tu z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed v\u00edc, ne\u017e si v\u011bt\u0161ina za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edk\u016f uv\u011bdomuje, proto\u017ee prov\u011b\u0161en\u00fd dr\u00e1t neposkytne pevnou oporu pot\u0159ebnou k udr\u017een\u00ed t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch v\u011btv\u00ed obalen\u00fdch plody v dokonale vodorovn\u00e9 poloze, jak strom roste. Investice \u010dasu do pevn\u00e9ho podp\u011brn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e za\u010dnete s tvarov\u00e1n\u00edm, v\u00e1m u\u0161et\u0159\u00ed roky frustrace z n\u00e1pravy prov\u011b\u0161en\u00fdch nebo nespr\u00e1vn\u011b zarovnan\u00fdch pater pozd\u011bji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pr\u016fvodce krok za krokem pro \u0159ez jablon\u011b ve tvaru espalier<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nyn\u00ed si projdeme samotn\u00fd proces pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, rozd\u011blen\u00fd do zvl\u00e1dnuteln\u00fdch krok\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krok 1: Vyberte spr\u00e1vn\u00fd \u010das pro pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tvarovan\u00e9 jablon\u011b vy\u017eaduj\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd rok dv\u011b distinctn\u00ed obdob\u00ed \u0159ezu. Zimn\u00ed \u0159ez, prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fd v dob\u011b, kdy je strom v klidu, se zam\u011b\u0159uje na struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdvoj a tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed. Letn\u00ed \u0159ez, prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fd v \u010dervenci nebo srpnu, se zam\u011b\u0159uje na kontrolu bujn\u00e9ho r\u016fstu a podporu tvorby plodono\u0161\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zimn\u00ed \u0159ez by se m\u011bl ide\u00e1ln\u011b prov\u00e1d\u011bt za such\u00e9ho a m\u00edrn\u00e9ho dne, proto\u017ee \u0159ez p\u0159i mraziv\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit, \u017ee d\u0159evo kolem \u0159ezn\u00fdch ran k\u0159ehne a je n\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed k po\u0161kozen\u00ed mrazem. Mnoho zku\u0161en\u00fdch p\u011bstitel\u016f \u010dek\u00e1, a\u017e p\u0159ejde nejchladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st zimy, ale je\u0161t\u011b ne\u017e za\u010dnou pupeny v brzk\u00e9m ja\u0159e nal\u00e9vat, \u010d\u00edm\u017e stromu poskytnou co nejkrat\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enou dobu mezi stresov\u00fdm \u0159ezem a n\u00e1stupem aktivn\u00edho r\u016fstu. Na na\u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed letn\u00edho \u0159ezu z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed stejn\u011b. Pokud st\u0159\u00edh\u00e1te p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 brzy, strom m\u016f\u017ee reagovat t\u00edm, \u017ee vytvo\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1plavu bujn\u00e9ho nov\u00e9ho r\u016fstu p\u0159esn\u011b tam, kde jste pr\u00e1v\u011b \u0159ezali, \u010d\u00edm\u017e v podstat\u011b zma\u0159\u00ed va\u0161i pr\u00e1ci. Pokud st\u0159\u00edh\u00e1te p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 pozd\u011b, riskujete odstran\u011bn\u00ed d\u0159eva, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e za\u010dalo vyzr\u00e1vat p\u0159ed zimou, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee sn\u00ed\u017eit odolnost stromu v\u016f\u010di chladu. Sledov\u00e1n\u00ed toho, a\u017e b\u00e1ze leto\u0161n\u00edch v\u00fdhonk\u016f z d\u0159evnat\u00ed a z hn\u011bdne, nam\u00edsto toho, aby byla zelen\u00e1 a ohebn\u00e1, je spolehliv\u00fdm vizu\u00e1ln\u00edm vod\u00edtkem, \u017ee nastala spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 doba pro letn\u00ed \u0159ez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krok 2: P\u0159ipravte si n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed a strom<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ne\u017e za\u010dnete, ujist\u011bte se, \u017ee va\u0161e zahradnick\u00e9 n\u016f\u017eky, p\u00e1kov\u00e9 n\u016f\u017eky a pilky jsou \u010dist\u00e9 a ostr\u00e9. Tup\u00e9 nebo zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee rozdrtit pletivo rostlin a zan\u00e9st nemoc. Je tak\u00e9 rozumn\u00e9 aplikovat hnojivo n\u011bkolik t\u00fddn\u016f p\u0159ed zimn\u00edm pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm, co\u017e stromu poskytne \u010das vst\u0159ebat \u017eiviny, kter\u00e9 podpo\u0159\u00ed hojen\u00ed po proveden\u00ed \u0159ez\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Desinfekce n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi \u0159ezy, zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci na v\u00edce stromech nebo p\u0159i podez\u0159en\u00ed na jak\u00e9koli zn\u00e1mky choroby, je jednoduch\u00fdm zvykem, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee zabr\u00e1nit \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed patogen\u016f, jako je sp\u00e1la jablo\u0148ov\u00e1 \u2013 bakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, je\u017e m\u016f\u017ee zni\u010dit jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b, pokud se do nich dostane kontaminovanou \u010depel\u00ed. Rychl\u00e9 ot\u0159en\u00ed lihem nebo z\u0159ed\u011bn\u00fdm roztokem b\u011blidla mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi stromy zabere jen chv\u00edli, ale m\u016f\u017ee zachr\u00e1nit pr\u00e1ci za celou sez\u00f3nu. Krom\u011b n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed si ud\u011blejte \u010das a je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed proveden\u00edm jedin\u00e9ho \u0159ezu obejd\u011bte sv\u016fj strom a prostudujte si jeho aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed stavbu. Ur\u010dete, kter\u00e9 v\u011btve jsou ji\u017e dob\u0159e um\u00edst\u011bny pod\u00e9l dr\u00e1t\u011bn\u00fdch opor, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba upravit a kter\u00e9 by m\u011bly b\u00fdt zcela odstran\u011bny. Jasn\u00fd ment\u00e1ln\u00ed pl\u00e1n nebo t\u0159eba jen jednoduch\u00fd n\u00e1\u010drt p\u0159ed zah\u00e1jen\u00edm \u0159ezu pom\u00e1h\u00e1 vyhnout se \u010dast\u00e9 chyb\u011b, kdy impulsivn\u011b od\u0159\u00edznete d\u0159evo, abyste toho pak litovali, jakmile bude celkov\u00fd tvar z\u0159ejm\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krok 3: Ustanoven\u00ed centr\u00e1ln\u00edho v\u016fdce<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edch letech vyberte siln\u00fd st\u0159edn\u00ed v\u00fdhon, kter\u00fd bude slou\u017eit jako hlavn\u00ed svisl\u00fd kmen, zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako termin\u00e1l. Ten vytvo\u0159\u00ed p\u00e1te\u0159 va\u0161\u00ed tvarovan\u00e9 struktury (espalieru). Odstra\u0148te v\u0161echny konkuren\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdhony, kter\u00e9 by mohly oslabit dominanci termin\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hlavn\u00ed v\u00fdhon by m\u011bl b\u00fdt p\u0159iv\u00e1z\u00e1n voln\u011b, ale pevn\u011b k svisl\u00e9 opo\u0159e, jako je bambusov\u00e1 ty\u010d p\u0159ipevn\u011bn\u00e1 k va\u0161emu dr\u00e1t\u011bn\u00e9mu syst\u00e9mu, aby rostl dokonale rovn\u011b. Ka\u017edou zimu se hlavn\u00ed v\u00fdhon obvykle zkracuje asi o t\u0159etinu, aby se podpo\u0159ilo siln\u00e9 v\u011btven\u00ed nutn\u00e9 pro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edho patra vodorovn\u00fdch ramen. Tento zp\u011btn\u00fd \u0159ez rovn\u011b\u017e stimuluje pupeny t\u011bsn\u011b pod \u0159ezem k ra\u0161en\u00ed a r\u016fstu, a pr\u00e1v\u011b z t\u011bchto pupen\u016f si vyberete sv\u016fj dal\u0161\u00ed p\u00e1r vodorovn\u00fdch v\u011btv\u00ed. Trp\u011blivost je zde z\u00e1sadn\u00ed, proto\u017ee usp\u011bch\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdchovy st\u0159edov\u00e9ho v\u00fdhonu t\u00edm, \u017ee se nech\u00e1 r\u016fst bez kontroly p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dlouho, m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k nevyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9mu, \u0161patn\u011b tvarovan\u00e9mu stromu, kter\u00fd lze pozd\u011bji ji\u017e jen t\u011b\u017eko napravit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krok 4: V\u00fdb\u011br a tr\u00e9nink horizont\u00e1ln\u00edch vrstev<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jak strom roste, vyberte p\u00e1ry bo\u010dn\u00edch v\u00fdhon\u016f v pravideln\u00fdch intervalech pod\u00e9l termin\u00e1lu, obvykle ka\u017ed\u00fdch 30 a\u017e 45 centimetr\u016f, abyste vytvo\u0159ili vodorovn\u00e1 patra. Tyto v\u00fdhony jemn\u011b ohn\u011bte do vodorovn\u00e9 polohy a p\u0159ipevn\u011bte je k dr\u00e1tu nebo m\u0159\u00ed\u017ei pomoc\u00ed m\u011bkk\u00fdch \u00favazk\u016f. Vyvarujte se p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 rychl\u00e9ho oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011btv\u00ed, proto\u017ee to m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit jejich zlomen\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na u strom\u016f, kter\u00fdm chyb\u00ed pru\u017en\u00e9 a dob\u0159e vy\u017eiven\u00e9 d\u0159evo, je\u017e zaji\u0161\u0165uje spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 hnojen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 technika, kterou mnoho zku\u0161en\u00fdch p\u011bstitel\u016f espalier\u016f pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1, je tvarovat nov\u00e9 v\u00fdhony pod 45stup\u0148ov\u00fdm \u00fahlem po dobu prvn\u00edch n\u011bkolika t\u00fddn\u016f vegeta\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed a v pr\u016fb\u011bhu n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho m\u011bs\u00edce \u010di dvou je postupn\u011b sni\u017eovat do pln\u011b vodorovn\u00e9 polohy, jakmile d\u0159evo vyzraje a je m\u00e9n\u011b k\u0159ehk\u00e9. Tento pozvoln\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup sni\u017euje riziko zlomen\u00ed v\u00fdhonu, kter\u00fd je ohnut p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 n\u00e1hle, dokud je je\u0161t\u011b m\u011bkk\u00fd a zelen\u00fd. M\u011bkk\u00e9 zahradnick\u00e9 \u00favazky z pru\u017en\u00e9 gumy nebo speci\u00e1ln\u011b navr\u017een\u00e1 stromov\u00e1 p\u00e1ska funguj\u00ed nejl\u00e9pe, proto\u017ee se mohou roztahovat, jak se v\u011btev b\u011bhem sez\u00f3ny zv\u011bt\u0161uje, ani\u017e by se za\u0159\u00edzly do k\u016fry, na rozd\u00edl od pevn\u00e9ho dr\u00e1tu nebo prov\u00e1zku, kter\u00e9 mohou v\u011btev p\u0159i\u0161krtit a po\u0161kodit, pokud se nekontroluj\u00ed. \u00davazky kontrolujte ka\u017ed\u00fdch n\u011bkolik t\u00fddn\u016f b\u011bhem vegeta\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed a podle pot\u0159eby je uvoln\u011bte, aby se p\u0159izp\u016fsobily r\u016fstu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krok 5: Odstra\u0148te ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed r\u016fst<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u0161echny v\u00fdhony rostouc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo k zdi nebo od n\u00ed \u010di k opo\u0159e by m\u011bly b\u00fdt odstran\u011bny, stejn\u011b jako jak\u00fdkoliv r\u016fst, kter\u00fd nen\u00ed v rovin\u011b s va\u0161imi zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00fdmi patry. To udr\u017euje energii stromu soust\u0159ed\u011bnou na v\u011btve, kter\u00e9 chcete vyvinout.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tyto \u0161patn\u011b sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdhony se \u010dasto naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed vlky, kdy\u017e rostou bujn\u011b a svisle zaveden\u00fdch vodorovn\u00fdch v\u011btv\u00ed, a mohou b\u00fdt p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b vytrval\u00e9, n\u011bkdy se objevuj\u00ed na stejn\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b rok co rok, pokud nen\u00ed odstran\u011bna hlub\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina, kterou b\u00fdv\u00e1 nadm\u011brn\u00e1 bujnost zp\u016fsoben\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161n\u00fdm \u0159ezem nebo hnojen\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpravky s vysok\u00fdm obsahem dus\u00edku. Jejich v\u010dasn\u00e9 odstran\u011bn\u00ed, ide\u00e1ln\u011b dokud jsou je\u0161t\u011b mal\u00e9 a lze je ot\u0159\u00edt rukou nam\u00edsto st\u0159\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed n\u016f\u017ekami, jim br\u00e1n\u00ed v Odb\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed energie v\u011btv\u00edm, kter\u00e9 chcete ve skute\u010dnosti rozvinout. To je dal\u0161\u00ed oblast, kde z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9m hnojen\u00ed, proto\u017ee strom hnojen\u00fd na\u0161\u00edm speci\u00e1ln\u011b vyvinut\u00fdm hnojivem na jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b 25 kg reaguje na \u0159ez men\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed takov\u00e9ho nadm\u011brn\u00e9ho, neuspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00e9ho obr\u016fst\u00e1n\u00ed, jak\u00e9 mohou vyvolat b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 hnojiva s vysok\u00fdm obsahem dus\u00edku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krok 6: Pro\u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed na plodonosn\u00e9 obrosty v l\u00e9t\u011b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u011bhem letn\u00edho \u0159ezu zkra\u0165te leto\u0161n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edr\u016fstky na bo\u010dn\u00edch v\u00fdhonech na p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b t\u0159i listy od b\u00e1ze leto\u0161n\u00edho r\u016fstu. To podporuje v\u00fdvoj kr\u00e1tk\u00fdch plodonosn\u00fdch t\u011bl\u00edsek nam\u00edsto dlouh\u00fdch vegetativn\u00edch v\u00fdhon\u016f, co\u017e je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro maximalizaci produkce jablek na ovocn\u00e9 st\u011bn\u011b (espalieru).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u011bhem n\u011bkolika let se tyto opakovan\u011b se\u0159ez\u00e1van\u00e9 plodonosn\u00e9 obrosty stanou plod\u00edc\u00ed kostrou va\u0161eho tvarovan\u00e9ho stromu a vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed shluky kv\u011bt\u016f a pot\u00e9 jablek pod\u00e9l d\u00e9lky ka\u017ed\u00e9ho horizont\u00e1ln\u00edho patra. Je b\u011b\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee se plodonosn\u00fd obrost po \u010dty\u0159ech nebo p\u011bti letech r\u016fstu zahust\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho pupen\u016f se t\u00edsn\u00ed na mal\u00e9m prostoru a bojuje o stejn\u00e9 omezen\u00e9 \u017eiviny a slune\u010dn\u00ed sv\u011btlo. Kdy\u017e k tomu dojde, probr\u00e1n\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch nejstar\u0161\u00edch nebo nejslab\u0161\u00edch obrost\u016f b\u011bhem zimn\u00edho \u0159ezu pom\u00e1h\u00e1 udr\u017eet kvalitu ovoce, proto\u017ee strom, kter\u00fd se sna\u017e\u00ed u\u017eivit p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho plodonosn\u00fdch m\u00edst, \u010dasto produkuje men\u0161\u00ed a m\u00e9n\u011b chutn\u00e1 jablka, kter\u00e1 jsou rozpt\u00fdlena po p\u0159epln\u011bn\u00e9m obrostu, nam\u00edsto men\u0161\u00edho po\u010dtu v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch a l\u00e9pe vyvinut\u00fdch plod\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krok 7: Udr\u017eujte tvar ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jakmile je va\u0161e tvarovan\u00e1 struktura (espalier) vytvo\u0159ena, pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u00e1 \u00fadr\u017eba zahrnuje ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00ed opakov\u00e1n\u00ed letn\u00edho \u0159ezu ke kontrole vitality a ob\u010dasn\u00fd zimn\u00ed \u0159ez k odstran\u011bn\u00ed mrtv\u00e9ho, po\u0161kozen\u00e9ho nebo \u0161patn\u011b um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9ho d\u0159eva. Dob\u0159e vy\u017eiven\u00fd strom, d\u00edky pravideln\u00fdm aplikac\u00edm hnojiva pro jablo\u0148ov\u00e9 a hru\u0161\u0148ov\u00e9 stromy 25 kg, na tento udr\u017eovac\u00ed \u0159ez zareaguje siln\u00fdm a zdrav\u00fdm nov\u00fdm r\u016fstem p\u0159esn\u011b tam, kde ho chcete m\u00edt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jakmile jsou po\u017eadovan\u00e1 patra zcela vytvo\u0159ena, obvykle po \u010dty\u0159ech a\u017e \u0161esti letech v z\u00e1vislosti na odr\u016fd\u011b a p\u011bstebn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, je ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00ed \u00fadr\u017eba mnohem jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed roky tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed. V t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi tr\u00e1v\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161ina zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159\u016f ka\u017edou sez\u00f3nu mnohem m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasu z\u00e1sadn\u00edmi struktur\u00e1ln\u00edmi rozhodnut\u00edmi a mnohem v\u00edce \u010dasu drobn\u00fdmi, opakuj\u00edc\u00edmi se \u00fakoly, jako je letn\u00ed \u0159ez, vyvazov\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00e9ho r\u016fstu a sledov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161k\u016fdc\u016f nebo chorob. Veden\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9ho zahradn\u00edho den\u00edku, kam si poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1te data hnojen\u00ed, pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u0161echny zpozorovan\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v pr\u016fb\u011bhu let neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9, proto\u017ee v\u00e1m umo\u017en\u00ed odhalit vzorce, nap\u0159\u00edklad to, \u017ee ur\u010dit\u00e9 patro dlouhodob\u011b zaost\u00e1v\u00e1, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee nazna\u010dovat m\u00edstn\u00ed nedostatek \u017eivin nebo probl\u00e9m se st\u00edn\u011bn\u00edm, kter\u00fd pak lze napravit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010cast\u00e9 chyby, kter\u00fdm je t\u0159eba se vyhnout p\u0159i pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed tvarovan\u00fdch jable\u010dn\u00fdch strom\u016f (espalier)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I dokonce i zku\u0161en\u00ed zahradn\u00edci mohou d\u011blat chyby p\u0159i tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed ovocn\u00fdch st\u011bn. Zde jsou n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u00faskal\u00ed a n\u00e1vod, jak v\u00e1m spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 hnojen\u00ed pom\u016f\u017ee se jim vyhnout.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>P\u0159\u00edli\u0161 agresivn\u00ed pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed b\u011bhem jedin\u00e9ho z\u00e1sahu strom stresuje. Hnojen\u00ed stromu vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fdm hnojivem p\u0159edem mu pom\u00e1h\u00e1 rychleji se zotavit z nezbytn\u00fdch \u0159ez\u016f.<\/li>\n<li>Ignorov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fd\u017eivy p\u016fdy a zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed se pouze na techniku \u0159ezu, co\u017e vede k slab\u00fdm v\u011btv\u00edm, kter\u00e9 nedok\u00e1\u017eou udr\u017eet tvar espalieru.<\/li>\n<li>Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed hnojiv nevhodn\u00fdch pro ovocn\u00e9 stromy, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit nadm\u011brn\u00fd r\u016fst list\u016f na \u00fakor tvorby plod\u016f. Na\u0161e slo\u017een\u00ed je specificky vyv\u00e1\u017eeno tak, aby podporovalo jak struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed r\u016fst, tak plodnost.<\/li>\n<li>Neschopnost pravideln\u011b hnojit b\u011bhem vegeta\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed, co\u017e vede k nekonzistentn\u00edm vzorc\u016fm r\u016fstu, kter\u00e9 zt\u011b\u017euj\u00ed tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Ne\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed nedostatku mikro\u017eivin, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st ke \u0161patn\u00e9mu hojen\u00ed r\u00e1ny po \u0159ezu a zv\u00fd\u0161it tak riziko vniknut\u00ed chorob do stromu.<\/li>\n<li>P\u0159ivazov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011btv\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 natvrdo pomoc\u00ed pevn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159i tloustnut\u00ed v\u011btve za\u0161krtit k\u016fru a nakonec p\u0159eru\u0161it proud\u011bn\u00ed \u017eivin a vody touto \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed stromu.<\/li>\n<li>Povolen\u00ed centr\u00e1ln\u00edmu termin\u00e1lu r\u016fst bez kontroly p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho sez\u00f3n p\u0159ed zalo\u017een\u00edm prvn\u00edho patra, co\u017e vede k nevyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9mu stromu s p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00fdm, hol\u00fdm doln\u00edm kmenem a \u0161patn\u011b vyvinut\u00fdmi doln\u00edmi v\u011btvemi.<\/li>\n<li>Zanedb\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed odvodn\u011bn\u00ed a struktury p\u016fdy, proto\u017ee ani to nejlep\u0161\u00ed hnojivo nedok\u00e1\u017ee kompenzovat p\u0159emok\u0159enou nebo zhutn\u011bnou p\u016fdu, kter\u00e1 br\u00e1n\u00ed ko\u0159en\u016fm v efektivn\u00edm p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eivin.<\/li>\n<li>Vynech\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fdn\u00edho rozboru p\u0159ed v\u00fdsadbou, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159i \u010dasto hnoj\u00ed naslepo, ani\u017e by v\u011bd\u011bli, zda m\u00e1 jejich p\u016fda ji\u017e vysok\u00fd obsah ur\u010dit\u00fdch \u017eivin, nebo v n\u00ed jin\u00e9 chyb\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00fdb\u011brem hnojiva pro jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b v balen\u00ed 25 kg od spole\u010dnosti Ferber Painting eliminujete v\u011bt\u0161inu t\u011bchto rizik, proto\u017ee na\u0161e slo\u017een\u00ed je navr\u017eeno speci\u00e1ln\u011b s ohledem na ovocn\u00e9 stromy a zaji\u0161\u0165uje vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fd r\u016fst, kter\u00fd podporuje jak c\u00edle tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed strom\u016f, tak i c\u00edle produkce plod\u016f v r\u00e1mci p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed na \u0161pal\u00ed\u0159e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Za zm\u00edn\u043a\u0443 stoj\u00ed tak\u00e9 to, \u017ee spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 na\u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed aplikace hnojiva hraje stejn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eitou roli jako v\u00fdb\u011br spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edpravku. Aplikace hnojiva p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 pozd\u011b v sez\u00f3n\u011b, nap\u0159\u00edklad v brzk\u00e9m podzimu, m\u016f\u017ee podn\u00edtit r\u016fst nov\u00fdch, m\u011bkk\u00fdch v\u00fdhonk\u016f, kter\u00e9 nestanou do p\u0159\u00edchodu zimy vyzr\u00e1t, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se strom stane mnohem n\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm k po\u0161kozen\u00ed mrazem. V\u011bt\u0161ina odborn\u00edk\u016f naopak doporu\u010duje aplikovat v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st ro\u010dn\u00ed d\u00e1vky hnojiva brzy na ja\u0159e, pr\u00e1v\u011b kdy\u017e se za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed nal\u00e9vat pupeny, a men\u0161\u00ed dopl\u0148kovou aplikaci prov\u00e9st v early l\u00e9t\u011b na podporu v\u00fdvoje a r\u016fstu plod\u016f. V\u017edy si p\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte a dodr\u017eujte konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed pokyny k aplikaci dod\u00e1van\u00e9 s hnojivem pro jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b 25 kg, proto\u017ee faktory, jako je st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed stromu, typ p\u016fdy a m\u00edstn\u00ed klima, mohou ovlivnit ide\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed a na\u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed pro va\u0161i konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed situaci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pro\u010d je Ferber Painting tou nejlep\u0161\u00ed volbou pro p\u00e9\u010di o va\u0161e jablon\u011b p\u011bstovan\u00e9 ve tvaru espalieru<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pokud jde o p\u00e9\u010di o jablo\u0148 p\u011bstovanou ve tvaru espalieru, m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdb\u011br hnojiva rozhodnout o tom, zda bude strom vzkv\u00e9tat a p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161et bohatou \u00farodu, nebo zda bude rok co rok bojovat o p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed. Hnojivo Ferber Painting vynik\u00e1 nad konkurenc\u00ed z n\u011bkolika kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zahojte, na\u0161e z\u00e1sada spokojenosti zaru\u010dena nebo vr\u00e1cen\u00ed pen\u011bz nem\u00e1 v oboru konkurenci. Jsme si kvalitou na\u0161eho hnojiva pro jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b 25 kg tak jisti, \u017ee nab\u00edz\u00edme plnou n\u00e1hradu, pokud nebudete s v\u00fdsledky zcela spokojeni. Tato m\u00edra jistoty je mezi zna\u010dkami hnojiv vz\u00e1cn\u00e1, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e v\u011bt\u0161ina z nich nenab\u00edz\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dnou z\u00e1ruku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zadruh\u00e9, na\u0161e celosv\u011btov\u00e1 p\u0159epravn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 zaji\u0161\u0165uje, \u017ee bez ohledu na to, kde se nach\u00e1z\u00edte, m\u016f\u017eete svou objedn\u00e1vku obdr\u017eet rychle a spolehliv\u011b. Nav\u00e1zali jsme partnerstv\u00ed s mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed s\u00edt\u00ed ov\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch dopravc\u016f, abychom zajistili, \u017ee va\u0161e hnojivo doraz\u00ed v dobr\u00e9m stavu a v\u010das, a\u0165 u\u017e zahradni\u010d\u00edte v Evrop\u011b, Severn\u00ed Americe, Asii nebo kdekoli jinde.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Za t\u0159et\u00ed, n\u00e1kup u n\u00e1s je jednoduch\u00fd a bezpe\u010dn\u00fd. N\u00e1\u0161 e-shop v\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje prov\u00e9st platbu p\u0159\u00edmo online, s n\u011bkolika mo\u017enostmi zabezpe\u010den\u00fdch plateb, tak\u017ee si m\u016f\u017eete sv\u00e9 hnojivo objednat b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika kliknut\u00ed a bez jak\u00fdchkoli starost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nakonec je n\u00e1\u0161 produkt speci\u00e1ln\u011b vytvo\u0159en pro jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b, na rozd\u00edl od mnoha univerz\u00e1ln\u00edch hnojiv, kter\u00e1 se sna\u017e\u00ed vyhov\u011bt ka\u017ed\u00e9mu typu rostliny, ani\u017e by v \u010demkoli skute\u010dn\u011b vynikala. Tato specializace znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v\u00e1\u0161 tvarovan\u00fd ovocn\u00fd strom (espalier) z\u00edsk\u00e1 p\u0159esn\u011b ty \u017eiviny, kter\u00e9 pot\u0159ebuje v ka\u017ed\u00e9 f\u00e1zi r\u016fstu, od po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edch let tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u017e po produkci plod\u016f v dosp\u011blosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mnoho na\u0161ich z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u011bstuj\u00ed tvarovan\u00e9 ovocn\u00e9 st\u011bny, n\u00e1m \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed rozd\u00edl, kter\u00e9ho si po p\u0159echodu na na\u0161i v\u00fd\u017eivu v\u0161imnou, nespo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 jen ve velikosti nebo mno\u017estv\u00ed jablek, ale v tom, jak rychle se strom zotavuje po ka\u017ed\u00e9m \u0159ezu. R\u00e1ny se zaceluj\u00ed rychleji, nov\u00fd r\u016fst vyr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed siln\u00fd a spr\u00e1vn\u011b nasm\u011brovan\u00fd nam\u00edsto slab\u00e9ho a vyt\u00e1hl\u00e9ho a celkov\u00e1 vitalita stromu z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 konzistentn\u00ed z jedn\u00e9 sez\u00f3ny na druhou, m\u00edsto aby divoce kol\u00edsala v z\u00e1vislosti na po\u010das\u00ed nebo p\u016fdn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tato konzistence je p\u0159esn\u011b to, co p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed ve tvarovan\u00fdch st\u011bn\u00e1ch vy\u017eaduje, proto\u017ee cel\u00e1 tato technika spol\u00e9h\u00e1 na p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e9 a kontrolovateln\u00e9 r\u016fstov\u00e9 vzorce, kter\u00e9 dob\u0159e reaguj\u00ed na zahradn\u00edkovo veden\u00ed, nam\u00edsto r\u016fstu, kter\u00fd nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u011b buj\u00ed \u0161patn\u00fdm sm\u011brem. Kdy\u017e spoj\u00edte v\u011bdecky vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9 hnojivo se spr\u00e1vnou technikou \u0159ezu, poskytnete sv\u00e9mu tvarovan\u00e9mu jabloni ka\u017edou v\u00fdhodu, kterou pot\u0159ebuje, aby se stalo \u00fachvatn\u00fdm a plodn\u00fdm prvkem va\u0161\u00ed zahrady, jak\u00fd jste si p\u0159edstavovali, kdy\u017e jste poprv\u00e9 zasadili mlad\u00fd jednodenn\u00ed \u0161lahoun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mini FAQ o \u0159ezu a hnojen\u00ed tvarovan\u00fdch jablek (espalier)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Kdy bych m\u011bl za\u010d\u00edt tvarovat a st\u0159\u00edhat ovocn\u00fd strom (espalier)?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ide\u00e1ln\u011b by m\u011bl v\u00fdcvik za\u010d\u00edt, kdy\u017e je strom mlad\u00fd, nevetven\u00fd prut, obvykle jeden rok star\u00fd. To v\u00e1m d\u00e1v\u00e1 plnou kontrolu nad tvarem od sam\u00e9ho za\u010d\u00e1tku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Jak \u010dasto bych m\u011bl hnojit sv\u00e9 tvarovan\u00e9 (esparetov\u00e9) jablo\u0148ov\u00e9 stromky?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u011bt\u0161ina zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159\u016f hnojivo aplikuje jednou brzy na ja\u0159e p\u0159ed za\u010d\u00e1tkem r\u016fstu a znovu za\u010d\u00e1tkem l\u00e9ta na podporu v\u00fdvoje plod\u016f. Pro dosa\u017een\u00ed nejlep\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdsledk\u016f v\u017edy dodr\u017eujte pokyny na obalu hnojiva na jablo\u0148 a hru\u0161e\u0148 25 kg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mohu pou\u017e\u00edt stejn\u00e9 hnojivo pro jablon\u011b i hru\u0161n\u011b?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ano, na\u0161e hnojivo na jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b 25 kg je speci\u00e1ln\u011b nam\u00edch\u00e1no tak, aby podporovalo jablon\u011b i hru\u0161n\u011b, co\u017e z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed v\u0161estrannou volbu pro sady obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed oba druhy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Co se stane, kdy\u017e sv\u016fj ovocn\u00fd strom tvarovan\u00fd do palety nebudu spr\u00e1vn\u011b hnojit?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bez spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 v\u00fd\u017eivy m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e1\u0161 strom vytvo\u0159it slab\u00e9 v\u011btv\u011b, kter\u00e9 se b\u011bhem tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed zlom\u00ed, m\u00edt \u0161patnou produkci plod\u016f a pomaleji se zotavovat z \u0159ezn\u00fdch ran, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee nakonec zni\u010dit tvar, kter\u00e9ho se sna\u017e\u00edte dos\u00e1hnout.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Je z\u00e1ruka spokojenosti opravdu bez rizika?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rozhodn\u011b. Pokud nebudete spokojeni s v\u00fdsledky na\u0161eho hnojiva na jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b 25 kg, jednodu\u0161e n\u00e1s kontaktujte a my v\u00e1m poskytneme plnou n\u00e1hradu pen\u011bz, bez jak\u00fdchkoliv slo\u017eit\u00fdch podm\u00ednek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Jak dlouho trv\u00e1, ne\u017e jablo\u0148 veden\u00e1 v tvarovan\u00e9m tvaru (espalier) dos\u00e1hne sv\u00e9ho kone\u010dn\u00e9ho tvaru?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u011bt\u0161in\u011b tvarovan\u00fdch ovocn\u00fdch strom\u016f (espalier) trv\u00e1 \u010dty\u0159i a\u017e \u0161est let, ne\u017e dos\u00e1hnou sv\u00e9ho pln\u011b vytvarovan\u00e9ho tvaru, v z\u00e1vislosti na po\u017eadovan\u00e9m po\u010dtu pater, bujnosti podno\u017ee a na tom, jak pravideln\u011b je strom hnojen a pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n. Stromy, kter\u00e9 b\u011bhem tohoto obdob\u00ed dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed vyv\u00e1\u017eenou v\u00fd\u017eivu, obvykle dos\u00e1hnou dosp\u011blosti rychleji a s men\u0161\u00edmi struktur\u00e1ln\u00edmi probl\u00e9my ne\u017e stromy, kter\u00e9 spol\u00e9haj\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b na p\u0159irozenou \u00farodnost p\u016fdy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Lze star\u0161\u00ed, neformovan\u00fd jablo\u0148ov\u00fd strom p\u0159em\u011bnit na tvarovan\u00e9 (espalier) p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zat\u00edmco za\u010d\u00edt s tvarov\u00e1n\u00edm star\u0161\u00edho stromu je technicky mo\u017en\u00e9, je to mnohem obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a \u010dasto to vede k m\u00e9n\u011b kultivovan\u00e9mu tvaru ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed se za\u010d\u00e1tkem s mlad\u00fdm jednoprout\u00fdm stromkem. Pokud se o to u vzrostl\u00e9ho stromu pokus\u00edte, zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dodate\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fd\u017eivy prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm pravideln\u00e9ho hnojen\u00ed je je\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, proto\u017ee strom bude pot\u0159ebovat dodate\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1soby energie k zotaven\u00ed z radik\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00edho \u0159ezu, kter\u00fd je nutn\u00fd k odstran\u011bn\u00ed st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed struktury a podpo\u0159e nov\u00e9ho r\u016fstu v po\u017eadovan\u00e9m horizont\u00e1ln\u00edm vzoru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed zakrsl\u00e9 (tvarovan\u00e9) jablon\u011b m\u00e9n\u011b hnojiva ne\u017e voln\u011b rostouc\u00ed stromy, proto\u017ee jsou men\u0161\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ne nutn\u011b. A\u010dkoli zakrsl\u00fd ovocn\u00fd strom na dr\u00e1t\u011bnce (espalier) zab\u00edr\u00e1 m\u00e9n\u011b vodorovn\u00e9ho i svisl\u00e9ho m\u00edsta ne\u017e voln\u011b rostouc\u00ed strom, je \u010dasto p\u011bstov\u00e1n intenzivn\u011bji, s \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm a vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hustotou plodonosn\u00e9ho obrostu vm\u011bstnan\u00e9ho do men\u0161\u00ed plochy. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee n\u00e1roky na \u017eiviny na metr \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00ed koruny mohou b\u00fdt u takto tvarovan\u00e9ho stromu ve skute\u010dnosti vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed, tak\u017ee pravideln\u00e9 hnojen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravkem, jako je na\u0161e Hnojivo na jablon\u011b a hru\u0161n\u011b 25 kg, je pro n\u011bj stejn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, ne-li d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e pro voln\u011b rostouc\u00ed exempl\u00e1\u0159.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zvl\u00e1dnut\u00ed um\u011bn\u00ed \u0159ezu tvarovan\u00e9 jablon\u011b vy\u017eaduje trp\u011blivost, techniku a, co\u017e je nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, strom dostate\u010dn\u011b zdrav\u00fd, aby odolal n\u00e1rok\u016fm tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed. Spr\u00e1vnou v\u00fd\u017eivou nastav\u00edte stromu cestu k \u00fasp\u011bchu dlouho p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e v\u016fbec vezmete do ruky zahradnick\u00e9 n\u016f\u017eky. Spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 hnojivo posiluje v\u011btve, urychluje hojen\u00ed po \u0159ezu a zaji\u0161\u0165uje, \u017ee v\u00e1\u0161 strom bude plodit hojnost ovoce, d\u00edky n\u00ed\u017e je p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed tvarovan\u00fdch strom\u016f tak obohacuj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ka\u017ed\u00e1 f\u00e1ze cesty k tvarovan\u00e9mu stromu, od v\u00fdb\u011bru mlad\u00e9ho prutu, p\u0159es vytvo\u0159en\u00ed centr\u00e1ln\u00edho termin\u00e1lu, v\u00fdchovu ka\u017ed\u00e9ho vodorovn\u00e9ho patra a\u017e po roky pe\u010dliv\u00e9ho letn\u00edho a zimn\u00edho \u0159ezu, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1sleduj\u00ed, z\u00e1vis\u00ed na tom, zda m\u00e1 strom p\u0159\u00edstup ke spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 rovnov\u00e1ze \u017eivin ve spr\u00e1vn\u00fd \u010das. \u0160et\u0159en\u00ed na hnojivu nebo volba b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho produktu, kter\u00fd nen\u00ed ur\u010den pro specifick\u00e9 pot\u0159eby jablon\u00ed a hru\u0161n\u00ed, je jedn\u00edm z nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a nejsn\u00e1ze odvr\u00e1titeln\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d se projekty tvarovan\u00fdch strom\u016f nepoda\u0159\u00ed dov\u00e9st k jejich pln\u00e9mu potenci\u00e1lu. S trp\u011blivost\u00ed, spr\u00e1vn\u00fdmi n\u00e1stroji, dobrou technikou \u0159ezu a pravideln\u00fdm pl\u00e1nem hnojen\u00ed nen\u00ed d\u016fvod, pro\u010d by se v\u00e1\u0161 tvarovan\u00fd jablo\u0148ov\u00fd strom nemohl st\u00e1t produktivn\u00edm a kr\u00e1sn\u00fdm st\u0159edobodem va\u0161\u00ed zahrady po mnoho n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch desetilet\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ferberpainting.com\/cz\/products\/apple-and-pear-tree-fertilizer\/\">Dop\u0159ejte sv\u00e9mu tvarovan\u00e9mu jabloni ten nejlep\u0161\u00ed mo\u017en\u00fd start d\u00edky na\u0161emu speci\u00e1ln\u011b nam\u00edchan\u00e9mu hnojivu, kter\u00e9 je podpo\u0159eno rychl\u00fdm celosv\u011btov\u00fdm doru\u010den\u00edm, snadnou online platbou a plnou z\u00e1rukou spokojenosti nebo vr\u00e1cen\u00ed pen\u011bz, kter\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd konkurent nedok\u00e1\u017ee vyrovnat.<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Growing an espalier apple tree is one of the most rewarding projects a gardener can undertake. This centuries-old technique transforms a simple apple tree into a living sculpture, trained flat against a wall, fence, or trellis, producing abundant fruit while saving precious garden space. However, before we dive into the pruning techniques that will help [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":283384,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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